服务保障营商环境语境下骗取贷款罪的司法认定与处理  

Judicial Determination and Handling of Loan-Swindling Crime in the Context of Service-Guaranteeing Business Environment

作　　者：张菁[1] Zhang Jing(Branch No.1 of Shanghai People's Procuratorate,Shanghai 200052,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市人民检察院第一分院研究室,上海200052

出　　处：《上海公安学院学报》2020年第4期38-49,共12页Journal of Shanghai Police College

摘　　要：骗取贷款罪是当前民营企业家触犯的高频次融资类罪名。在依法保障促进民营经济健康发展语境下,该罪客观构成要件中的"欺骗手段"可以在贷款诈骗罪实行行为的基础上结合现行银行业金融机构贷款业务法规来把握;认定"欺骗手段与取得贷款有刑法上的因果关系"不需要区分金融机构工作人员是否有审批决定权,但应考虑"尽职履职"这一重要因素;借款人贷款的不良归类情况可作为"重大损失"认定的重要参考,而担保人代为偿还的金额则不应计入重大损失数额;"其他严重情节"需达到"造成重大损失"相当社会危害性程度的才能认定。检察机关办理此类案件时,要准确把握法律界限,积极履行立案监督职能;保护企业发展需要,依法审慎采取强制措施;充分发挥制度效用,切实用好不起诉裁量权。The loan-swindling crime is a recurring financing crime committed by private entrepreneurs now.In the context of protecting and promoting the healthy development of private economy by laws,the"deceptive means"that constitute the objective elements of the crime can be dealt with on the basis of clarifying the commission of the loan-swindling crime and by referring to the banking financial organizations’current laws and regulations on loan business.It is not necessary to differentiate whether staff members of financial organizations have the right of examination and approval to determine that"there is a criminal causality between deception and loan obtaining",but the important factor of"performing duties conscientiously"should be taken into consideration.The loan borrowers’poor records can also be used as an important reference for the determination of"heavy losses"and the amount repaid by guarantors for warrantees should not be included in the amount of heavy losses."Other serious circumstances"that are harmful to society and"cause heavy losses"can be included.When handling such cases,the procuratorates should accurately understand the legal definitions,actively perform the function of supervising case filing,protect the needs of enterprise development,prudently take compulsory measures in accordance with laws,give full play to the effectiveness of the system,and make full use of the discretion of non prosecution.

关 键 词：民营经济 骗取贷款 司法认定 

分 类 号：D631[政治法律—政治学]