悬浮式球转子压电作动器的设计及实验研究  

Experimental Study and Design of Piezoelectric Actuators with Suspension Spherical Rotor

作　　者：王均山[1] 陈超[1] 石明友[1] 曹静[1] WANG Junshan;CHEN Chao;SHI Mingyou;CAO Jing(State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing,210016)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学机械结构力学及控制国家重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2020年第17期2064-2070,共7页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2015CB057500);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51575259);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(NS2015004);江苏高校优势学科建设工程和江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(KYLX15_0226)。

摘　　要：针对机械转子式陀螺仪对支承和高转速的特定要求,设计出一种兰杰文振子和压电圆盘复合驱动的定子,从而在定子振动输出面获得足够振幅的行波运动,实现对球转子的超声近场非接触支承和高速驱动。对圆盘定子进行了结构动力学设计,使其工作频率与兰杰文振子频率基本一致。样机模态实验表明复合定子频率一致性较好。通过悬浮高度和转速测试发现,转子悬浮稳定,转速与驱动频率有关,在200 V激励电压下的共振频率附近可获得最大转速3880 r/min。Aiming at the specific requirements of stable levitation and high rotary speed of mechanical rotor gyroscopes,a hybrid stator using both longitudinal Langevin vibrator and piezoelectric disc was designed.In this way,the large vibration amplitude traveling waves of output surfaces of the stator were excited,and the ultrasonic near-field non-contact supports and high-speed drives of the spherical rotor were realized.Structural dynamics design of the piezoelectric disks was conducted,and the expected vibrations of the composite stators were excited at the same working frequency.Modal experiments were conducted on the prototype to validate the good frequency consistency of the composite stators.Measured levitation height and rotary speed results show that the rotor is completely levitated,and the rotary speed is related to the driving frequency.The spherical rotor achieves the maximum rotary speed 3880 r/min with the voltage of 200 V nearing the resonance frequency.

关 键 词：近场声悬浮 压电作动器 非接触支承 结构动力学 

分 类 号：TP182[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]