无患子种仁油提取工艺优化及其理化性质研究  

Extraction Optimization and Physicochemical Properties of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn Kernel Oil

作　　者：陈建烟 刘超兰 刘伟 陈爱平[1,2] CHEN Jian-yan;LIU Chao-lan;LIU Wei;CHEN Ai-ping(College of Life Science,Ningde Normal University,Ningde Fujian 352100,P.R.China;The Engineering Technology Research Center of Characteristic Medicinal Plants of Fujian,Ningde Normal University,Ningde Fujian 352100,P.R.China;Antibiotics Research and Re-evalution Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics,Chengdu University,Chengdu Sichuan 610052,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]宁德师范学院生命科学学院,福建宁德352100 [2]福建省特色药用植物工程技术研究中心,宁德师范学院,福建宁德352100 [3]成都大学四川抗菌素工业研究所抗生素研究与再评价四川省重点实验室,四川成都610052

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2020年第4期22-28,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：福建省教育厅中青年教师教育专项科研项目(JA15544,JAT160526);福建省自然科学基金(2016J05041);宁德师范学院人才引进项目(2015Y02);宁德师范学院青年教师专项课题(2014Q54)。

摘　　要：以无患子种仁为材料,采用单因素和正交试验方法优化无患子种仁油的提取工艺;采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)法鉴定无患子种仁油的主要成分,并分析其种仁油的理化性质。结果表明,最优工艺条件为提取时间15min,提取温度70℃,料液比1︰15和粒径为0.3~0.4mm,在此条件下无患子种仁的油脂得率为45.23%;各因素对种仁油得率的影响大小依次为时间>温度>料液比>粒径。分析表明无患子种仁油主要由C16~C20的脂肪酸组成,其主成分为油酸、顺-11-二十碳烯酸、花生酸、亚油酸。无患子种仁油的皂化值为190.24mg/g、酸值为6.75mg/g、碘值为107.70g/100g、DPPH清除率为69.29%,其理化性质优良。该工艺提取效果好,且油脂理化性质优良,适用于无患子种仁油提取。The extraction optimization and physicochemical properties of Sapindus mukorossi kernel oil(SMKO)was carried out.The results of single-factor and orthogonal test showed that the maximum yield of SMKO was 45.23%with the extraction conditions of 15 min and 70℃,material/liquid ratio 1︰15 and particle diameter 0.3-0.4 mm,the order of influence on yield was time>temperature>material/liquid ratio>particle diameter.The result of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)showed that the main chemical compositions of SMKO were C16-C20 fatty acids such as oleic acid,cis-11-eicosenoic acid,eicosanoic acid,linoleic acid.The saponification value,acid value,iodine value and DPPH scavenging rate of SMKO was 190.24 mg/g,6.75 mg/g,107.70 g/100 g and 69.29%respectively.This method is suitable to extract SMKO for the high yield and excellent physicochemical properties.

关 键 词：无患子 成分 理化性质 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种] TQ645.1[农业科学—林学]