自制会阴冷敷垫联合会阴护理对会阴部切口水肿程度及愈合质量的影响  

The effect of perineal cold compress pad combined with perineal nursing on perineal incision edema and healing quality

作　　者：张飒 牧君君 付桂 韩婷婷 尚芳芳 ZHANG Sa;MU Jun-jun;FU Gui;HAN Ting-ting;SHANG Fang-fang(Zhenping County People's Hospital,Henan Province,474250,China;Nanyang Central Hospital,Henan Province,473000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省镇平县人民医院,河南南阳474250 [2]南阳市中心医院,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《中国医疗美容》2020年第8期105-109,共5页China Medical Cosmetology

摘　　要：目的介绍一种自制会阴冷敷垫的制作过程及其临床应用联合会阴护理对会阴部水肿程度及切口愈合质量的影响。方法选用纯棉布制作出含有腰部固定带、腹部固定带、会阴垫、冰囊袋4个主要结构的类似纸尿裤的会阴冷敷垫。随机将126例经阴道分娩且有会阴部切口愈合不良的患者分为对照组和观察组,每组63例,对照组实施常规护理,观察组运用自制会阴冷敷垫冷湿敷联合会阴护理。比较两组患者疼痛程度、切口水肿程度、切口愈合质量及外阴美容效果。结果护理前,两组疼痛程度及水肿程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理后24h、48h、72h观察组疼痛程度明显低于对照组,切口水肿程度明显轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组切口甲级愈合率80.95%、乙级愈合率17.46%、丙级愈合率1.59%,对照组切口甲级愈合率53.97%、乙级愈合率31.75%、丙级愈合率14.29%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者外阴温哥华瘢痕评定量表得分为(3.82±1.14)分,对照组为(8.49±2.31)分,差异有统计学意义(t=6.425,P=0.013)。结论自制会阴冷敷垫制作简单,可有效提升会阴冷敷效果,配合会阴护理可有效缓解会阴切口愈合不良患者疼痛感,减轻切口水肿程度,提升切口愈合质量。Objective Introduce the production process of a homemade cold compress pad and its clinical application combined with perineal nursing to affect the degree of perineal edema and the quality of incision healing.Methods Pure cotton cloth is used to make a diaper-like cold compress pad with four main structures:waist fixing belt,abdomen fixing belt,perineal pad,and ice bag.126 cases of vaginal delivery and poor healing of the perineal incision were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group.Each group had 63 cases.The control group received routine care.The observation group used self-made perineal cold compress pad and cold wet compress combined with perineal nursing.The pain degree,the degree of incision edema,the quality of incision healing and the cosmetic effect of the vulva were compared between the two groups.Results Before nursing,there was no significant difference in pain degree and edema degree between the two groups(P>0.05).The pain degree of observation group was significantly lower than that of control group at 24h,48h,72h after nursing,and the degree of incision edema was significantly lighter than that of control group.The difference was statistically significant.Academic significance(P<0.05).In the observation group,the incision grade A healing rate was 80.95%,the grade B healing rate was 17.46%,and the grade C healing rate was 1.59%.In the control group,the grade A healing rate was 53.97%,the grade B healing rate was 31.75%,and the grade C healing rate was 14.29%.Statistically significant(P<0.05).The observation group had a score of(3.82±1.14)points on the Vancouver Scar Rating Scale of the Vulva and(8.49±2.31)points of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=6.425,P=0.013).Conclusion The self-made perineal cold compress pad is simple to make and can effectively improve the effect of perineal cold compress.With perineal care,it can effectively relieve the pain of patients with poor perineal incision healing,reduce the degree of incision edema,an

关 键 词：自制会阴冷敷垫 会阴护理 水肿 疼痛 切口愈合 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]