国家公园特许经营制度存在的问题及对策  

Problems and countermeasures of the National Park Franchise Management system in China

作　　者：马洪艳[1] 童光法[1] MA Hongyan;TONG Guangfa(College of Humanities and Law,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院文发学院,北京102206

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2020年第4期97-101,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：国家林草局项目(2019):“野生植物保护条例修订研究”。

摘　　要：【目的】随着中国国家公园试点的深入推进,亟需国家公园制度建设,其中特许经营制度也非常重要。我国国家公园十个试点在立法、管理、实践方面开展特许经营制度探索中取得了一定的成效,譬如各试点相继出台各自的国家公园条例、特许经营管理办法以及开展特色经营模式等。【方法】运用比较的研究方法,指出了各个试点国家公园在法律体系、管理体制、运营机制及资金收支监管等方面也存在一些问题。【结果】在借鉴国外国家公园特许经营较为先进的经验基础上,结合我国国家公园试点的实际情况,在特许经营专门法律法规、特许经营管理体制与运营机制、特许资金监管等方面提出了相应的完善建议。【结论】以期助益于中国国家公园相关制度建设。【Objective】 With the in-depth advancement of China’s national park pilot projects, there is an urgent need for the construction of national park systems, of which the franchise system is also very important. Ten pilots of national parks in my country have achieved certain results in the exploration of the franchise system in terms of legislation, management, and practice. For example, each pilot has successively introduced its own national park regulations, franchise management methods, and development of distinctive business models. 【Methods】 The comparative method is used in the research, and points out some problems in the legal system, management mechanism, operation mechanism and supervision of capital revenue and expenditure. 【Results】 Based on learning from the advanced experience of national park franchise in foreign countries, this paper puts forward some suggestions combined with practical situation of national park pilots in China, which mainly included the formulation and improvement of special laws and regulations, establishment of efficient and reasonable management system and standardized operation mechanism, as well as the scientific franchise fund supervision, 【Conclusion】 so as to give references for promoting the development of national parks and the construction of relevant systems.

关 键 词：国家公园 特许经营 环境保护 运营机制 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]