N-羟甲基蛋氨酸钙水平对泌乳奶牛生产性能、瘤胃发酵和营养物质消化的影响  

Effects of N-hydroxymethyl methionine calcium on production performance and rumen fermentation of lactating dairy cows

作　　者：黄杰 马婷婷[1] 陈志远[1] 贡笑笑 赵国琦[1] HUANG Jie;MA Tingting;CHEN Zhiyuan;GONG Xiaoxiao;ZHAO Guoqi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《草业科学》2020年第8期1598-1607,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CARS-36);国家自然科学基金项目(31972589)。

摘　　要：为研究不同水平N-羟甲基蛋氨酸钙(n-Hydroxymethyl methionine calcium,N-HMM-Ca)对泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛生产性能、乳品质及瘤胃发酵的影响。选用胎次、产奶量、泌乳天数相近的30头健康荷斯坦奶牛,采用完全随机区组设计,分为5组,每组6头,分别在日粮中以干物质基础添加0、0.15%、0.30%、0.75%、1.50%N-HMM-Ca。预试期14 d,正试期42 d。结果表明:1)日粮中添加0.15%N-HMM-Ca能显著提高奶牛产奶量(P<0.05);2)与无添加对照组相比,0.15%~0.75%组乳糖率、乳蛋白率均显著提高(P<0.05);3)日粮中添加不同水平N-HMM-Ca对粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、钙、磷的表观消化率无显著影响,但0.15%组能显著提高中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fiber,NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(acid detergent fiber,ADF)的表观消化率(P<0.05);4)N-HMM-Ca的添加水平不会对瘤胃液pH、挥发性脂肪酸及微生物蛋白含量造成显著影响(P>0.05);5)0.15%组能够提高产琥珀酸丝状杆菌(Fibrobacter succinogenes、F.succinogenes)、白色瘤胃球菌(Ruminococcus albus、R.albus)和黄色瘤胃球菌(R.flavefaciens、R.flavefaciens)的相对表达量(P<0.05)。综上所述,泌乳奶牛日粮中添加0.15%N-HMM-Ca能有效提高生产性能以及乳品质,提高饲料的消化利用率。因此,建议在泌乳奶牛日粮中添加N-HMM-Ca的适宜剂量为0.15%。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different levels of N-Hydroxymethyl Methionine Calcium(N-HMM-Ca)on the performance,milk quality and rumen fermentation of lactating Holstein cows.30 lactating Holstein dairy cows were blocked according parity,milk yield and lactation stage,and randomly assigned to 5 groups,6 in each group.0,0.15%,0.30%,0.75%,and 1.50%N-HMM-Ca were added to the diet on a dry matter basis.The experiment was continued up to 56 d,including 14 d of adaptation period and 42 d of experimental period.The results showed:1)Dietary supplementation of 0.15%N-HMM-Ca significantly increased milk production(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the lactose rate and milk protein rate were significantly increased in the range of 0.15%to 0.75%(P<0.05).3)The apparent digestibility of Crude protein,Ether extract,Calcium and Phosphorus was not affected by the level of N-HMM-Ca,but the 0.15%group significantly increased the apparent digestibility of ADF and NDF(P<0.05).4)There was no significant relationship between the pH,VFA and MCP content of rumen fluid and the level of N-HMM-Ca(P>0.05).5)The 0.15%group increased the relative expression of Fibrobacter succinogenes、Ruminococcus albus、R.flavefaciens(P<0.01).In summary,the addition of 0.15%N-HMM-Ca to the diet of lactating dairy cow can effectively improve the production performance,milk quality,and feed digestion as well as utilization.Therefore,it is recommended to add the NHMM-Ca to the diet of lactating dairy cow and a suitable dose is 0.15%.

关 键 词：N-羟甲基蛋氨酸钙 泌乳奶牛 生产性能 瘤胃发酵 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]