清代监察御史的选任方式与为官履历  

The Recruitment and Career of Censors in the Qing

作　　者：黄心瑜 Huang Xinyu

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院

出　　处：《理论界》2020年第9期97-104,共8页Theory Horizon

摘　　要：清代都察院的监察御史肩负察举官邪的重任,因而监察御史的选拔机制也格外严格。准许考选的官员范围、选取程序和负责的部门均有细致而严密的规定,且皇帝牢牢把握最终决定权。与选拔机制相对应,嘉庆元年至十年的监察御史群体具有出身正途、曾任京官和一定为官资历的普遍特点。监察御史的选拔制度和御史群体的实际特点揭示了清代统治者对都察院监察官的期待:监察官应当人情练达、谙熟官场,出身清白而品行高尚,为官经验有助于发觉蹊跷之处,而较高的道德标准则使得他们不惮于揭发检举。适格的监察官群体对于监察制度的良好运转意义重大。In the Qing,Censors were responsible for disciplinary surveillance over the officialdom and were recruited in a very strict way.The candidate group,recruitment procedure and relevant Ministries were prescribed in detail.The emperor remained as the final decision maker in this process.Recruited Censors from 1796 to 1805 shared experience of winning Jinshi,being experienced and once occupying as an official in the central government.The recruitment and career of Censors indicate the expectation of Qing rulers to the censorial officials.They were supposed to be sophisticated and very familiar with politics with a clean record and high moral values.Experience enable Censors to figure out misconducts,while high moral values encourage them to report.Qualified Censors largely benefited the practice of censorial system in the Qing.

关 键 词：清代 御史 选任 履历 

分 类 号：K2[历史地理—历史学]