氨氮弱吸附滤料筛选与基于氮素资源化的沼液悬浮物过滤预处理研究  

Screening of Filter Material With Weak Ammonia Nitrogen Adsorption Capacity,and Filtration Pretreatment of Suspended Solids in Biogas Slurry for Nitrogen Reuse.

作　　者：李鹏[1,2] 王鹏超 马东 张成军[1,2] 郭旋[1,2] 赵同科 王萱 LI Peng;WANG Peng-chao;MA Dong;ZHANG Cheng-jun;GUO Xuan;ZHAO Tong-ke;WANG Xuan(Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Water Environment Research,Beijing 100097,China;College of Resources and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [2]中国-新西兰水环境研究联合实验室,北京100097 [3]青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2020年第9期1192-1199,共8页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2017YFE0109800);北京市农林科学院青年科研基金(QNJJ201706);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20180708);北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所科技能力提升专项。

摘　　要：在去除沼液悬浮物(SS)的同时,最大程度地保留其氮素养分是提高沼液资源化利用价值的关键。通过静态吸附-解吸试验筛选出弱吸附氨氮的过滤介质,然后利用滤料填充柱动态过滤试验分析筛选滤料填充柱对沼液SS和氨氮浓度的影响。结果表明,在海砂(SSD)、沸石(ZLT)、石英砂(QSD)和氧化铝废渣(GRM)4种供试滤料中,QSD对溶液氨氮的吸附能力最低,脱附率接近SSD,且远小于ZLT和GRM。按2.4 L·h-1流量进水,沼液经QSD滤料填充柱动态过滤处理后,SS去除率最高可达86.1%,0.5~1 mm粒径QSD填充柱对SS去除率普遍高于3~5 mm粒径QSD填充柱,两种粒径QSD填充柱对沼液氨氮的去除效果无明显区别;运行24 h时滤料填充柱自进水端开始出现堵塞现象,32 h后3~5 mm粒径QSD填充柱堵塞严重;若要达到沼液SS相同去除效果,0.5~1 mm粒径QSD填充柱较3~5 mm粒径QSD填充柱具有运行时间更持久和滤料层填充高度更小的优势;0.5~1 mm粒径QSD填充柱对SS去除率超过80%,且未显著吸附截留沼液氨氮,适合作为沼液SS过滤预处理单元且有利于后续氮回收。The key to improving the reutilization value of biogas slurry is to retain most of the slurry nitrogen content while removing the suspended solids(SS).For this study,static adsorption and desorption experiments were undertaken with quartz sand(QSD),a commonly used filtration medium,which was selected for its weak ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity.A dynamic experiment was then carried out using two filter-filled columns with different QSD particle sizes to analyze the influence of QSD on SS and ammonia nitrogen in biogas slurry permeating through the column.Among the four low-cost filter materials tested(QSD,sea sand,zeolite,and alumina industry waste residue),QSD had the weakest ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity in solution.The desorption rate of QSD was close to that of sea sand and far lower than that of zeolite and the alumina waste residue.In the QSD-filled columns an SS removal rate of up to 86.1%was achieved at a biogas slurry flow rate of 2.4 L·h-1.The SS removal rate was generally higher in the 0.5-1 mm particle size QSD-filled column(QSD column)than in the 3-5 mm QSD column.However,there was no significant difference in the rate of ammonia nitrogen removal from the biogas slurry between the two QSD particle sizes used.After 24 h of operation,a blockage started to appear at the inlet of both of the columns,and after 32 h the 3-5 mm QSD column was almost completely blocked.The 0.5-1 mm QSD column required a longer running time and less filter material(a lower filling height)than the 3-5 mm QSD column to remove the same amount of SS from the biogas slurry.The SS removal rate of the 0.5-1 mm QSD column was more than 80%,and it had no significant effect on the ammonia nitrogen in biogas slurry.The 0.5-1 mm particle size was suitable for use in a pretreatment unit for SS filtration of biogas slurry and would be beneficial for any subsequent nitrogen recovery process.

关 键 词：猪粪污 沼液 滤料 悬浮物 氨氮 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X713