雾霾与冷刺激对儿童哮喘的影响及吸入用药调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of the effects of smog and cold stimulation on asthma in children

作　　者：赵雪[1] 华国栋[1] 孟召全[1] 赖秀薇[1] 王烁源 ZHAO Xue;HUA Guodong;MENG Zhaoquan;LAI Xiuwei;WANG Shuoyuan(Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Oriental Hospital,Beijing 100078,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学东方医院,北京100078

出　　处：《现代医院》2020年第9期1369-1371,共3页Modern Hospitals

基　　金：北京中医药大学青年教师项目(2018-JYBZZ-JS161)。

摘　　要：目的调查雾霾及冷空气刺激对某院儿科哮喘患病率影响,及该院的吸入用药的使用情况。方法通过该院的HIS系统逐月将儿科就诊信息调出,根据气象数据,统计出2年同期天气污染情况及儿科患病人数,考察雾霾对患病人数的影响。取雾霾天气相近,而温度相差较大的2个月份,考察冷刺激对患病人数的影响。依据药品的说明书,对该院吸入用药使用的合理性进行评价,对不合理用药情况进行分析。结果2年同期,雾霾天气有显著差异时,患病人数差异也有统计意义,雾霾天气能够增加支气管哮喘的患病人数。雾霾天气比较相近,而温度相差较大的两个月份,患病人数也有显著差异,冷刺激也会增加支气管哮喘的患病人数。该院的吸入用药主要在给药途径、给药剂量、遴选药品这几方面存在不适宜。结论雾霾及冷空气刺激均会影响儿童哮喘患病人数。该院仍存在吸入用药不合理使用情况,临床药师需要加大对吸入用药的审方,保障儿童用药安全。Objective To investigate the effect of haze and cold air stimulation on the prevalence of asthma in children and the use of inhaled drugs in the hospital.Methods Through his system of the hospital,the pediatric medical information is transferred out month by month.According to the meteorological data of China,the weather pollution of 59 days in January to February of the same period in 2017 and 2018 is calculated to investigate the impact of haze on the number of patients.Take the two months when the haze weather is similar and the temperature is quite different,to investigate the impact of cold air on the number of patients.According to the instructions of the drugs,according to the way of administration and dosage of drugs,select the drugs to evaluate the rationality of their use,and analyze the unreasonable use of drugs.Results In the same period of two years,when there is a significant difference in smog weather,the difference in the number of patients is also statistically significant.Haze weather can increase the number of patients with bronchial asthma.There are also significant differences in the number of people suffering from smog in the two months where the smog is similar and the temperature difference is large.Cold stimulation also increases the number of patients with bronchial asthma.Inhaled drugs in the hospital are mainly inappropriate in the route of administration,dosage,and selection of drugs.Conclusion Both smog and cold air stimulation can affect the number of children with asthma.There is still an unreasonable use of inhaled drugs in the hospital.Clinical pharmacists need to step up the examination of inhaled drugs to ensure the safety of children's drug use.

关 键 词：儿科 哮喘 影响因素 用药调查 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科] R969.3[医药卫生—临床医学]