海南油茶传粉昆虫及其访花行为的初步研究  

An Observation on Pollinating Insect and Their Flower-visiting Behavior on Camellia oleifera Abel

作　　者：钟义海[1] 赵冬香[1] 王释婕 韩文素[1] 赵珊[1] 刘俊峰[1] 高景林[1] Zhong Yihai;Zhao Dongxiang;Wang Shijie;Han Wensu;Zhao Shan;Liu Junfeng;Gao Jinglin(Environment and Plant Protection Instute/Bee Industry Technology Research Center of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture,Haikou 571101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/蜂业技术研究中心,海口571101

出　　处：《中国蜂业》2020年第9期63-66,共4页Apiculture of China

基　　金：国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-44-SYZ13);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费项目(1630042019023)。

摘　　要：对海南省种植的油茶访花昆虫种类、访花频次、时间及访花行为进行了初步研究。结果表明,访花昆虫有4个目(膜翅目、双翅目、鞘翅目、鳞翅目),15个科,21种昆虫,根据其访花频次及访花行为的观察,明确中华蜜蜂和黄腰胡蜂为海南省油茶林的主要传粉昆虫。日活动规律观察表明,中华蜜蜂和黄腰胡蜂均属于单峰型,访花高峰在10:00~10:30。根据海南省油茶林种植条件和中华蜜蜂访花习性,在生产上可推广蜜蜂油茶授粉技术。Pollinating insects of Camellia oleifera in Hainan province were studied.A preliminary observation was conducted about the speices,visiting frequeney,staying time and behavior.Altogether 21 species,15 families and 4 orders(Hymenoptera,Diptera,Coleoptera and Lepidoptera)were found.Apis cerana Fabricius and Vespa affinis(Linnaeus)were the most efective pollinators due to their higher visiting frequencies and behavior.The observation of daily activity patterm showed that A.cerana and V.affinis both belong to unimodal type,the peak of pollination at 10:00~10:30.According to the planting conditions of C.oleifera in Hainan province and the pollination characteristics of A.cerana,the pollination technology of C.oleifera by A.cerana can be popularized in production.

关 键 词：油茶 传粉昆虫 访花频次 行为 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]