元代“局盐法”考论  

A Textual Research on the“Bureau Salt Law”in Yuan Dynasty

作　　者：孙朋朋 SUN Pengpeng

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明省部共建协同创新中心

出　　处：《盐业史研究》2020年第3期39-49,共11页Salt Industry History Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“中国古代财政体制变革与地方治理模式演变研究”(项目编号:17ZDA175)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：自窝阔台汗二年制定盐法伊始,蒙元政权便对盐政予以极大的关注。忽必烈建元后,元廷建立了一套由户部集中管理,并通过各地盐运司分区管理盐务的盐政运行体系,由此形成了全国性的食盐运销体制。元代局盐法是由政府设立官盐局发卖食盐的运销方式,是元代食盐运销过程中政府调控盐价的重要举措,局盐法的施行亦是政府发挥宏观调控职能的体现。然而,政府在某一区域设立官盐局,并非代表在此地施行了食盐法。元代局盐法与食盐法之间最主要的区别,一是考察政府是否以“取实”人口来施行计口桩配食盐之策;二是立足于政府设立官盐局之时发挥的职能以及政府所预期取得的成效。From the very beginning of the formulation of the salt law in the second year of Wukutai Khan,the Meng Yuan regime has paid great attention to salt administration.After Kublai Khan founded the Yuan Dynasty,Yuan government established a set of salt administration operation system that was centrally managed by the Ministry of Revenue and co-managed by various salt transportation departments,thus forming a national salt transportation and marketing system.The Bureau Salt Law of the Yuan Dynasty was a method of distribution and sale of salt by the salt bureau set up by the government.It was an important measure for the government to regulate salt prices in the process of salt transportation and sales in the Yuan Dynasty.However,the establishment of an official salt bureau by the government in a certain area does not mean that the salt law has been implemented here.The most important difference between the Bureau Salt Law and the Salt Law in the Yuan Dynasty is to examine whether the government uses the“accurate”population to implement the policy of rationing salt.The second difference is based on the functions performed when the government established the official salt bureau and the results expected by the government.

关 键 词：元代 局盐法 官盐局 食盐运销 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学]