玉米大豆间作对农田土壤N2O排放的影响  

The Effects of Soybean-maize Intercropping on N2O Emission from Soil

作　　者：陈津赛 王广帅[1] 张莹莹[1] 高阳[1] 刘坤[3] CHEN Jinsai;WANG Guangshuai;ZHANG Yingying;GAO Yang;LIU Kun(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xinxiang 453002,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;College of Economics and Management of Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/农业农村部作物需水与调控重点实验室,河南新乡453002 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2020年第9期32-40,共9页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51879267);中国农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(FIRI2016-05)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究大豆玉米间作种植对生育季农田土壤N2O排放的影响。【方法】试验设置单作玉米SM120(施氮量120 kg/hm^2),单作玉米SM240(施氮量240 kg/hm^2),单作大豆SS(施氮量120 kg/hm^2),玉米/大豆间作IMS(施氮量120 kg/hm^2)4个处理,对比分析了单作和间作农田的土壤水分、温度和无机氮以及土壤N2O排放通量的变化规律。【结果】生育期内不同处理间的土壤充水孔隙度和0~10 cm土壤温度均存在显著性差异(P<0.05),且SM120显著高于其余3个处理;IMS处理0~20 cm土壤无机氮量分别比SS、SM120和SM240处理降低了24.0%、5.3%和29.3%(P<0.05)。IMS处理N2O平均排放通量分别比SM120、SM240和SS处理降低31.98%、39.16%和47.80%(P<0.001),IMS处理N2O平均累计排放量与全球增温潜势也显著低于其余3个处理(P<0.001)。【结论】玉米大豆间作种植能够提高间作系统对氮素的吸收量,从而降低土壤无机氮量,进而降低农田土壤N2O的排放量。【Background】Nitrous oxide(N2O),methane(CH4)and carbon dioxide(CO2)are three main greenhouse gases emitting from soils that have important implications for global warming.N2O emission from soil accounts for 72%of total N2O emanating from agricultural production,and increasing nitrogen use efficiency is thus critical to reducing N2O emission.Previous studies had revealed that intercropping could improve water and nutrient use efficiency,but most of them focused on yield and resource use efficiency while overlooking its consequence for the environment.It remains obscured that if intercropping could reduce bioavailability of nitrogen to microorganisms and enhance its uptake by crops,thereby reducing N2O emission.【Objective】The purpose of this paper to experimentally investigate how maize-soybean intercropping affects their competition for water and nutrients in soil and the consequence for N2O emission.【Method】The experiment consisted of four treatments:Monoculture of maize with nitrogen application at 120 kg/hm^2(SM120),monoculture of maize with nitrogen application at 240 kg/hm^2(SM240),monoculture of soybean with nitrogen application at 120 kg/hm^2(SS),and maize-soybean intercropping with nitrogen application at 120 kg/hm^2(IMS).During the experiment,we measured soil moisture,temperature,inorganic nitrogen and N2O emission in each treatment.【Result】①There was a significant difference in water-filled pores and soil temperature in the 0~10 cm soil between the treatments(P<0.05),with their values in SM120 significantly higher than that in other treatments.②The inorganic nitrogen content in 0~20 cm soil was lower in IMS than in SS,SM120 and SM240,by 20.4%,5.3%,and 29.3%(P<0.05)respectively.③IMS reduced the average N2O emission by 31.98%,39.16%and 47.80%(P<0.001)respectively,compared with SM120,SM240 and SS.The average cumulative N2O emission in IMS was significantly lower than that in other treatments(P<0.001).【Conclusion】Intercropping soybean and maize could improve nitrogen uptake by the cr

关 键 词：间作 玉米 大豆 N2O 全球增温潜势 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]