超声辅助磨料水射流加工机制及去除模型研究  

Study on Processing Mechanism and Removal Model of Ultrasound Assisted Abrasive Waterjet Machining

作　　者：陈雪松 侯荣国[1] 吕哲[1] 田业冰 白雪[1] CHEN Xuesong;HOU Rongguo;LV Zhe;TIAN Yebing;BAI Xue(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo Shandong 255049,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学机械工程学院,山东淄博255049

出　　处：《机床与液压》2020年第17期79-82,87,共5页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51405274);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2017MEE050)。

摘　　要：为了增强磨料水射流的加工效果,设计了超声辅助微细磨料水射流加工系统。通过喷嘴内变幅杆的超声振动,将声能与射流压力能叠加,增强磨料水射流的脉动行为,形成脉冲射流。通过数值计算的方法研究了流场轴线上的声压分布及磨粒在流场中的运动特性,探究了脉冲射流的加工机制及硬脆材料去除机制。通过切槽实验分析了系统压力、振幅及靶距对冲蚀深度的影响规律,实验结果证明,施加超声振动可有效降低系统压力,最佳靶距为8~10 mm。基于实验结果,利用MATLAB建立了硬脆材料的去除深度预测模型。With an aim to enhance the processing effect of abrasive waterjet,an ultrasonic assisted micro abrasive waterjet machining system was designed.Through the ultrasonic vibration of the horn in the nozzle,the sound energy and the jet pressure energy were superimposed to enhance the pulsation behavior of abrasive waterjet,and the pulsed waterjet was formed.The distribution of sound pressure along the axis of the flow field and the motion characteristics of abrasive particles in the flow field were studied by numerical calculation.The processing mechanism of pulsed waterjet and the removal mechanism of hard and brittle materials were investigated.The effects rules of system pressure,ultrasonic amplitude and standoff distance on cutting depth were analyzed through erosion experiments.The experimental result shows that the system pressure can be effectively reduced by applying ultrasonic vibration and the optimal target distance is 8~10 mm.Based on the experimental results,the removal depth prediction model of the hard and brittle materials was established by using MATLAB.

关 键 词：超声辅助 磨料水射流 加工机制 深度模型 

分 类 号：TH162[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]