倾斜矿体分区崩落采矿法高效开采技术及应用  

Efficient mining technology of zoned sublevel caving in mining inclined ore bodies and its application

作　　者：任凤玉[1] 丁航行[1] 任思潼 赵云峰 Ren Fengyu;Ding Hangxing;Ren Sitong;Zhao Yunfeng(School of Resources&Civil Engineering,Northeastern University;The Lighthouse Mining Co.,Ltd.of West Steel Group)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,110819 [2]西钢集团灯塔矿业有限公司

出　　处：《黄金》2020年第9期66-71,共6页Gold

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51534004)。

摘　　要：崩落采矿法开采倾斜矿体存在开采强度与生产能力较低,矿石损失贫化大,地表塌陷范围大及矿山征用的土地面积大等问题,大大降低了崩落采矿法开采的经济效益,因而倾斜矿体被普遍认为是崩落采矿法应用的禁区。根据岩体冒落规律、散体移动规律与地压活动规律适应性理论,提出了基于采空区大冒落跨度的分区崩落采矿法高效开采技术,采用较大结构参数回采原生矿体,由回收进路二步回采下盘残留矿量,解决了开采效率与矿石损失贫化之间的矛盾;采用基于临界散体柱支撑理论的充填塌陷坑方法控制地表岩移范围。应用实践表明:这一技术有效解决了崩落采矿法开采倾斜矿体存在的难题,使应用矿山的生产能力提高到400万t/a,而且采矿损失率和矿石贫化率分别控制在14.8%和12.6%,地表塌陷角内倾76°,实现了低贫损绿色高效开采。When inclined ore bodies are mined with caving mining method,the mining intensity and production capacity are poor,the ore loss and dilution are high,the surface subsidence area is large and the land area occupied by the mine is large,greatly reducing the mining economics of caving mining method.Therefore,the mining of inclined ore bodies are deemed as the restricted area for caving method.According to the rock caving rules,loose body movement rules and crustal pressure activities rule adaptation theory,the efficient mining technology of zoned caving mining based on big caving span in mined-out area is proposed,which employs relatively big structural parameter to extract primary ore bodies,recovers residual ores in the foot wall in two steps through the recovery approach,and solves the contradiction between mining efficiency and ore loss and dilution;the rock movement range is controlled with filling collapse pit method based on critical loose body column support theory.Application practice shows that the technology effectively solves the challenge facing caving mining method when inclined ore bodies are mined and increases the mine production capacity to 4 million t/a,and the mining loss rate and ore dilution rate are controlled at 14.8%and 12.6%respectively,the surface collapse angle is 76°inward inclined.The method achieves green and efficient mining with low dilution and loss.

关 键 词：倾斜矿体 崩落采矿法 分区开采 采空区 诱导冒落 下盘残留体 地表岩移控制 

分 类 号：TD853.36[矿业工程—金属矿开采]