格尔木市高精度数字高程基准模型研究  

Research on the establishment of digital height datum in Golmud

作　　者：窦超 安向东[2] 赵利江 张生鹏 毕泰武 DOU Chao;AN Xiangdong;ZHAO Lijiang;ZHANG Shengpeng;BI Taiwu(Qinghai Institute of Basic Surveying and Mapping,Xining 810001,China;GNSS Research Center of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省基础测绘院,青海西宁810001 [2]武汉大学卫星导航定位技术研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《测绘通报》2020年第8期108-111,共4页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：青海省藏区现代测绘基准体系基础设施建设二期工程(青发改地区〔2016〕920号)。

摘　　要：大地水准面(数字高程基准)为国家高程基准的建立与维持提供了全新的思路。然而,受限于地形、重力数据等原因,高原地区高精度数字高程基准模型的建立一直是大地测量领域的难题。本文以格尔木地区为例,探讨了高原地区高精度数字高程基准模型的建立方法。首先,基于重力和地形数据,由第二类Helmert凝集法计算了格尔木重力似大地水准面。在计算中,考虑到高原地形对大地水准面模型的影响,采用了7.5″×7.5″分辨率和高精度的地形数据来恢复大地水准面短波部分的方法,以提高似大地水准面的精度。然后,利用球冠谐调和分析方法将GNSS水准与重力似大地水准面联合,建立了格尔木高精度数字高程基准模型。与实测的67个高精度GNSS水准资料比较,重力似大地水准面的外符合精度为3.0 cm,数字高程基准模型的内符合精度为2.0 cm。Geoid(digital height datum)provides a new way for the establishment and maintenance of national height datums.However,limited by the terrain and gravity data,the establishment of digital height datum with a high precision on plateau has always been a difficult problem in the field of geodesy.Taking Golmud as an example,we discuss the establishment method of precise digital height datum in plateau area.Firstly,based on gravity data and topographic data,we determine the gravity geoid in Golmud through the Helmert’s second condensation method.In the computation,to improve the accuracy of gravity geoid on plateau,the topographic data with high resolution and high precision is used to recovery the short wave of the geoid.Then,the digital height datum of Golmud is established through aligning the gravity geoid to the National Vertical Datum 1985 by a spherical cap harmonic method.Compared with 67 GNSS/leveling points independently,the accuracy of the determined gravity geoid is 3.0 cm,the corresponding precision of digital height datum of Golmud is 2.0 cm.

关 键 词：似大地水准面 全球卫星导航定位系统 重力场模型 数字高程基准 现代化测绘基准 

分 类 号：P224[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]