间充质干细胞在生精障碍治疗中的应用  

Mesenchymal stem cells in the application of the raw essence therapy

作　　者：黄磊[1] 傅松涛[1] 李秀娟[1] 杨丽红[1] 解军[1] HUANG Lei;FU Songtao;LI Xiujuan;YANG Lihong;XIE Jun(Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学生物化学与分子生物学教研室,山西省出生缺陷与细胞再生重点实验室,太原030001

出　　处：《生命的化学》2020年第7期1017-1023,共7页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：山西省“1331工程”学科建设基金项目(1331KSC);山西省“1331工程”重点学科建设计划经费项目;山西省重点研发计划(国际科技合作)(201903D421023);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2013-重点5、2012-048)。

摘　　要：生精障碍是引起不孕不育的重要因素,无精子症占男性不育原因的20%,至今没有良好的治疗手段。间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)具有多向分化潜能、造血支持和促进干细胞植入、免疫调控和自我复制等特点。研究者探索了各种促进间充质干细胞在体外、体内向生殖细胞分化的方法,主要包括:将间充质干细胞注射入小鼠睾丸曲细精管中,通过机体内环境来诱导间充质干细胞向生殖细胞样分化;细胞外培养基中加入特异诱导分子或条件培养基来诱导间充质细胞向生殖细胞样分化;干细胞与睾丸支持细胞共培养来促进间充质干细胞向生殖细胞样分化。模拟体内生殖细胞生成的微环境对体外获得生殖细胞也具有重要意义。联合使用细胞内外多步诱导方法及其分子机制研究,将是提高干细胞向生殖细胞分化的有效措施,也是以后研究的重要方向。Spermatogenesis obstacle is the main factor that causes infertility.Azoospermia accounted for 20%of the causes of male infertility,there is no satisfied way for treatment currently.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have the characteristics of multi-directional differentiation,hematopoietic support and promoting stem cell implantation,immunoregulation and self-replication.In recent years,researchers had explored a variety of methods to promote in vitro and in vivo germ cell differentiation mainly including injecting MSCs into the seminiferous tubules of mouse testes,inducing the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into germ cells like cells through the in vivo environment,adding specific inducer or conditional medium to the extracellular medium to induce the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into germ cells.Stem cells and sertoli cells were co-cultured to promote the differentiation of MSCs into germ cells.It is also of great significance to simulate the microenvironment of generative cells in vivo to obtain generative cells in vitro.The combination of in vitro and in vivo multi-step induction methods and their molecular mechanism research will be an effective measure to improve the differentiation of stem cells into generative cells,and also an important direction for future research.

关 键 词：间充质干细胞 生精障碍 无精子症 不孕不育 

分 类 号：R698.2[医药卫生—泌尿科学]