浅谈鲁南山区两系杂交油菜制种质量控制技术  

Quality Control Technology of Two-line Hybrid Rape Seed Production in Mountain Area of South Shandong Province

作　　者：王发胜 WANG Fasheng(Vegetable Station,Yishui County Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Yishui 276400,China)

机构地区：[1]沂水县农业农村局蔬菜站,山东沂水276400

出　　处：《蔬菜》2020年第9期60-63,共4页Vegetables

摘　　要：为了全面提高杂交油菜种子的质量和产量,促进种子产业发展,针对杂交油菜制种过程中影响种子质量和产量的各种因素,提出通过严格保证隔离安全、苗床选择、初花期田检去杂、末花期田检去杂、合理行比、花期调整等措施提高种子纯度;及时收获、脱粒等措施保证种子的净度;防病治虫、及时晾晒等措施提高种子发芽率;机械干燥设备、日光干燥措施控制种子含水量等建议。在对影响产量和质量限制因素进行剖析的基础上,总结了1套提高杂交油菜种子质量和产量的技术措施,使杂交种子产量达1650 kg/hm^2,比历年平均增产34.6%左右,并且种子质量也得到了提高,纯度达到99.7%,发芽率提高到90%以上,水分不高于7%,净度提高到97%以上。In order to comprehensively improve the quality and yield of hybrid rape seeds and promote the development of seed industry,aiming at various factors that affect the quality and yield of hybrid rape seeds in the seed production process,some suggestions were put forward such as improving seed purity by strict guarantee of isolation safety,selection of seedbed,field inspection and removal of impurities in the initial flowering period and final flowering period,reasonable row ratio,and flowering period adjustment and so on,ensuring the cleanliness of seeds by timely harvest and threshing,improving the germination rate of seeds by prevention and control diseases and insect pests,timely air drying,controling the water content of seeds by drying equipment and sun drying.Based on the analysis of the factors that affected the yield and quality,a set of technology to improve the quality and yield of hybrid rape seed was summarized,and the yield of hybrid seed was up to 1650 kg/hm^2,an average increase of 34.6%over the past years,and the quality of seeds had also been improved.The purity of seed had reached 99.7%,the germination rate of seed had increased to more than 90%,the water content of seed was not higher than 7%,and the cleanliness of seed had increased to more than 97%by applying the technology.

关 键 词：杂交油菜 两系 制种质量 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]