试论美英对德国科技资源的处置(1944—1954)  

On the Disposal of German Scientific and Technological Resources by the United States and Britain,1944—1954

作　　者：王颖鹏 Wang Yingpeng

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究院 [2]吉林大学公共外语教育学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《史学月刊》2020年第10期97-104,共8页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“苏联核计划档案文献资料翻译整理研究”(15ZDB064)。

摘　　要：在二战时期及战后初期,德国拥有世界领先的科技资源。战后初期德国由美、英、苏、法四国分区占领,各战胜国不再沿用传统的货币赔偿,转而开展实物索赔。美国与英国基于相近的利益和良好的合作基础,对德国科技资源进行了联合发掘和掠夺。两国从德国掠夺的科技资源不仅涉及军事领域,还服务于各自国内的民用工商业需求。此外,双方还从德国苏占区抢夺了大量科技资源。通过以上行动,美英基本实现了消除德国军事威胁、提高自身科技实力、与苏联开展科技对抗的目标。During World War II and the early postwar period,Germany had the world’s leading scientific and technological resources.After the war,Germany was occupied by the United States,Britain,the Soviet Union and France.The victorious countries claimed physical compensation rather than traditional monetary compensation.The United States and the United Kingdom had jointly exploited and acquired German scientific and technological resources based on similar interests and good cooperation tradition.These resources that the two countries received from Germany not only involved the military sector,but also served the domestic needs of their respective civil and commercial sectors.In addition,the two sides excavated a large number of Soviet scientific and technological resources from the Soviet District in Germany.Through the above actions,the goal of eliminating German military threat,improving their own scientific and technological strength,and carrying out scientific and technological confrontation with the Soviet Union was basically achieved.

关 键 词：科学技术 资源争夺 秘密行动 拒绝政策 

分 类 号：K561.5[历史地理—历史学] K712.54[历史地理—世界史]