不利行政行为程序漏洞的认定标准  

Identification of Loopholes in Unfavorable Administrative Behavior Procedures

作　　者：侍海艳 杨登峰[1] SHI Hai-yan;YANG Deng-feng(School of Law,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院,南京210023

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期16-22,共7页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国改革创新实验的法治问题研究”(18ZDA134)。

摘　　要：法律漏洞是制定法自始至终在所难免的问题。与民法漏洞不同的是行政法漏洞有实体与程序之分。从保障人民基本权利的角度而言,为不利行政行为的做出制定符合正当程序原则要求的程序,是行政法的题中应有之义。倘若立法者因为疏忽或者其他原因而未为该类行政行为制定出符合正当程序要求的法律程序,程序漏洞问题就可能因此显现。不利行政行为程序漏洞的认定可分两步走:第一步是依据正当程序原则的最低程序正当要求认定既定程序存在漏洞的可能性;第二步是借鉴由审判实践产生的个案程序正当标准认定既定程序存在漏洞的真实性。Legal loopholes have always been an inevitable problem for statutes.Different from the civil law loopholes,the administrative law loopholes are divided into entities and procedures.From the perspective of safeguarding the basic rights of people,it is the constitutional requirement of administrative law to make procedures for the unfavorable administrative actions to meet the requirements of the principle of due process.If the legislator fails to develop a legal procedure that meets the requirements of due process for such administrative actions because of negligence or other reasons,procedure loopholes may appear.There are two steps identifying loopholes in unfavorable administrative procedures.The first step is to determine the possibility of loopholes in the established procedures according to the minimum procedure of due process principle.The second step is to identify the authenticity of the loopholes in the established procedure using the case procedure of Mathews case.

关 键 词：不利行政行为 行政程序漏洞 正当程序原则 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]