间接管辖权制度的新发展及中国的模式选择  

Latest Developments of Indirect International Jurisdiction and Choice of Modes for China

作　　者：何其生[1] He Qisheng

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2020年第5期188-200,共13页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究课题:(16JJD820009)“一带一路倡议与法律合作研究”;司法部司法协助交流中心课题:“中外司法协助立法与实践问题研究”。

摘　　要：承认与执行外国法院民商事判决需要审查外国原审法院的管辖权,在理论上存在派生说和非派生说之分。派生说因为适用原审国法和被请求国法的不同,发展为单边说和双边说;而非派生说可分为实质联系模式和清单模式。2019年《海牙判决公约》采纳了非派生说,体现了多边平台间接管辖权的新发展。我国法律就此缺乏规定,双边司法协助条约先后采纳了双重单边说、双边说和非派生说的清单模式。实践中我国法院在间接管辖权的审查上出现了"集体失声"和"语焉不详"两种困境。为解决此两种困境,可在立法上主张适用被请求国法;进一步而言,为增加间接管辖权审查的确定性和可操作性,可在最高人民法院的规范性文件中采纳非派生说的清单模式,同时辅以实质联系模式作为补缺性条款。In practice,recognition and enforcement of a foreign judgment needs to examine the jurisdiction of the foreign court of origin.The jurisdictional test has theoretically formed the derivative theory and the non-derivative theory.Because of the difference of application of the law of the state of origin or the law of the requested state,the derivative theory has developed into unilateral doctrine and bilateral doctrine,while the non-derivative theory has been divided into substantive connection model and list model.In 2019,the Hague Judgment Convention adopted the non-derivative theory which reflects the development of indirect jurisdiction at the international level.In China,there are no relevant provisions in legislation,and the bilateral mutual legal assistance treaties concluded by China have adopted double unilateral doctrine,bilateral doctrine and the list model of the non-derivative theory.In Chinese courts’practice,there are two dilemmas of"collective silence"and"lack of response"in the examination of indirect jurisdiction.In order to overcome"collective silence"dilemma,China should insist the application of the law of the requested state in legislation;in order to increase certainty and operability in the review of indirect jurisdiction,the Supreme People’s Court may consider to issue a judicial interpretation in which the list mode of the non-derivative theory supplemented by the substantive connection mode as a complementary clause should be adopted.

关 键 词：间接管辖权 海牙判决公约 外国判决的承认与执行 

分 类 号：D997.3[政治法律—国际法学]