润滑油纳米添加剂的研究进展  

Research Progress of Nanomaterials as Lubricant Oil Additives

作　　者：岳鹏 张玉娟[1] 张平余[1] 张治军[1] 张晟卯[1] YUE Peng;ZHANG Yu-juan;ZHANG Ping-yu;ZHANG Zhi-jun;ZHANG Sheng-mao(Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学纳米材料工程研究中心,河南开封475001

出　　处：《表面技术》2020年第9期19-34,共16页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21671053,51775168,51875172);河南省高校科技创新团队(19IRTSTHN024)。

摘　　要：随着纳米技术与润滑剂研发领域的结合,将纳米材料作为润滑油添加剂,有效提升其摩擦学性能,已为业界所认可。在机械工业现代化高速发展的背景下,近年来,润滑油纳米添加剂开发领域的研究进展备受关注。其中,关于纳米添加剂的制备工艺、材料组成以及性能和应用等研究进展迅速,大量相关成果不断被报道。以近年来应用于润滑油开发领域的纳米添加剂研究成果为基础,从降粘性能探索、多功能化研究、与商用润滑油复配、匹配特殊材料摩擦副和适应极端苛刻环境等5个方面,对纳米添加剂的制备、性能和作用机理的研究进展进行了全面细致地梳理。评述了纳米添加剂所具备的突出功能和应用前景,并从生产制备、性能优化和机理研究三个方面指出了在纳米添加剂相关研发领域未来可能出现的新热点。在生产制备方面,规模化、工业化将被努力推动;在性能优化方面,实现多功能化纳米粒子、复配增益商用润滑油、匹配特殊材料摩擦副、适应极端苛刻摩擦条件等,都有广阔的探索空间;在机理研究方面,纳米添加剂的降粘机理、无溶剂离子型纳米流体的流动与摩擦学特性机理,也将成为科研人员未来关注的重点。With the combination of nanotechnology and lubricant research and development,nanomaterials used as lubricant additives can effectively improve the tribological properties,which has been generally recognized by the industry.Under the background of the rapid development of modern machinery industry,the research progress in the development of nano-additives for lubricating oil has attracted much attention in recent years.The research on the preparation technology,material composition,properties and applications of nano-additives has made rapid progress,and a large number of related achievements have been reported continuously.Based on the research results of nano-additives applied in the field of lubricating oil development in recent years,the research progress of preparation,properties and action mechanism of nano-additives was comprehensively and carefully combed from five aspects,such as viscosity reduction,multifunctional research,compounding with commercial lubricating oil,matching special material friction pairs and adapting to extremely harsh environment.The outstanding functions and application prospects of new nano-additives were described.The new hot spots that might appear in the research and development field of nano-additives in the future were pointed out from three aspects of production preparation,property optimization and mechanism research.In the field of preparation,large-scale industrial production will be explored hard.In terms of property optimization,there is a broad space for exploration in the fields of developing multifunctional nanoparticles,enhancing commercial lubricant oil,matching special material friction pairs and adapting to extremely friction conditions.Finally,in terms of mechanism research,the viscosity reduction mechanism of nano-additives,the flow and tribological characteristics of solvent-free ionic nanofluids will also become the focus of researchers in the future.

关 键 词：纳米添加剂 摩擦 磨损 新性能 润滑机理 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]