自动传动液中含磷摩擦改进剂与含钙清净剂影响抗颤性的协同效应  

Synergistic Effect of P-containing Friction Modifier and Ca-containing Detergent in Automatic Transmission Fluid on Anti-shudder Characteristic

作　　者：狄泽超 姜禹 张孟佳 马永宏 张雪涛 DI Ze-chao;JIANG Yu;ZHANG Meng-jia;MA Yong-hong;ZHANG Xue-tao(Dalian Lubricating Oil Research&Development Institute,PetroChina,Dalian 116032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大连润滑油研发中心,辽宁大连116032

出　　处：《表面技术》2020年第9期81-90,共10页Surface Technology

摘　　要：目的揭示摩擦改进剂和清净剂因协同作业生成摩擦反应成膜的抗颤性机理。方法采用盘-盘型摩擦试验机对分别含有不同磷分子结构的摩擦改进剂的三种ATF进行了模拟试验,检测了它们在钢摩擦盘表面形成的摩擦反应膜的摩擦学特性。ATF-A、B、C的抗颤性保持时间分别为24、72、144 h。使用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱(EDX)、俄歇电子能谱(SAM)、二次离子质谱(SIMS)等分析手段,来判断摩擦反应膜的化学组成、分布密度和厚度。结果三种含不同磷分子结构的摩擦改进剂,均在摩擦过程中与ATF中清净剂里的Ca元素发生了摩擦化学反应,形成了Ca-P型摩擦反应膜。ATF-A、B、C摩擦反应膜的厚度分别为400、900、1120 nm。结合SEM图像、SAM中P元素深度分布积分值、SIMS检测的P元素的面分布数值可知,三种摩擦膜的致密度与其抗颤耐久性呈现正相关性。结论虽然三种ATF油形成的摩擦反应膜的P/Ca原子比、分布态、致密度和厚度各不相同,但实验证明三种Ca-P膜均有助于保持离合器的抗颤性。反应活性大的P摩擦改进剂能够在摩擦面上形成较厚且致密、覆盖率高的摩擦反应膜,抗颤性保持的时间更长久。The work aims to reveal the anti-shudder mechanism of tribofilm formed by friction chemical reaction between P-containing friction modifier and Ca-containing detergent.Three ATFs with different P-containing friction modifiers were tested by disc-disc tribometer,and the friction characteristics of the tribofilms formed on the steel friction disc were tested.The duration of anti-shudder property of ATF-A,B and C was 24 h,72 h and 144 h respectively.SEM,EDX,SAM and SIMS were used to determine the chemical composition,distribution density and thickness of the tribofilms.The three kinds of P-containing friction modifiers reacted with Ca in the detergent of ATFs during friction and formed Ca-P tribofilms.The thickness of ATF-A,B and C tribofilms was 400,900 and 1120 nm respectively.According to the SEM images,the integral value of P-element depth distribution in SAM and the surface distribution value of Pelement detected by SIMS,the density of the three tribofilms had a positive correlation with their anti-shudder durability.Although the P/Ca ratio,distribution pattern,density and thickness of the three tribofilms are different,the three kinds of Ca-P tribofilms are all helpful to keep the anti-shudder property of clutch.The P-containing friction modifier with higher reactive activity can form a thicker and denser tribofilm with high coverage on the friction surface,and the anti-shudder durability can be kept for a longer time.

关 键 词：湿式离合器 摩擦膜 自动传动液 摩擦改进剂 清净剂 抗颤性 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]