东北春大豆田蛴螬防治指标研究  

Damage of action threshold of Holotrichia diomphalia 3 instar larvae in spring sowing soybean field in Northeast China

作　　者：钟涛[1] 范唯艳 许国庆[1] 赵彤华[1] ZHONG Tao;FAN Wei-yan;XU Guo-qing;ZHAO Tong-hua(Institute of Plant Protection,Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Agricultural Science Observation and Experi-ment Station of Crops and Pests of Shenyang,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shenyang 110161,China;Liaoning Agricultural Science and Technological Achievements Transformation Service Center(Liaoning Agricultural Museum),Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省农业科学院植物保护研究所,农业农村部沈阳作物有害生物科学观测实验站,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省农业科技成果转化服务中心(辽宁农业博物馆),辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2020年第4期708-712,共5页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201004);农业基础性长期性科技工作植物保护观测监测任务(ZX04S060101)。

摘　　要：为明确全球气候变暖趋势下和国家"双减"方针指导下的东北春大豆田蛴螬防治指标,在沈阳春大豆田播种后采用人工接虫的方法,研究了不同虫口密度下的东北大黑鳃金龟3龄幼虫对大豆死亡株率和大豆产量的影响。结果表明,大豆产量(y)与虫口密度(x)呈负相关关系(y=-0.0135x+0.4232,32>x≥1,r=-0.990),产量损失率(y)与蛴螬虫口密度(x)与间存在线性相关关系(y=3.0051x+2.6781,x≥1,r=0.991);x≥4,即虫口密度≥4,产量与产量损失率均达到显著差异;基于防治收益应大于防治成本的原则,确定了东北春大豆田东北大黑鳃金龟3龄蛴螬幼虫的防治指标应为2.33头/m^2。不同时期、不同虫口密度下蛴螬危害造成的大豆死亡株率间存在较大差异。每平方米有1~5头蛴螬为害时,大豆苗期(V1)死亡株率达到48.18%~57.87%,至大豆初花期(R1)大豆死亡株率达到65.67%~75.05%,V1期死亡株率远大于V1至RI阶段的死亡株率,因此要加强苗期蛴螬的防治工作。To establish appropriate control index for Holotrichia diomphalia Bates in the context of a continual global warming trend and guidelines based on "Dual Reduction" in chemical fertilizers and pesticides, mortality rates and yield of spring soybean in Northeast China were investigated by artificial inoculation with different density of Holotrichia diomphalia 3rd instar larvae. The results showed that yield had negative correlation with larvae density(y=-0.0135x+0.4232,32>x≥1,r=-0.990), yield loss rate had positive correlation with larvae density(y=3.0051x+2.6781,x≥1,r=0.991). The yield and yield loss rate were significantly different when larvae density was greater than or equal to 4. According to the rule that the direct benefit was above the cost of control, we determined that the damage of action threshold of H. diomphalia 3rd instar larvae was 2.33 heads per square meter in Northeast spring soybean yield. The mortality rates caused by H. diomphalia 3rd instar larvae were significant different with different population density at different survey periods. The mortality rate ranged from 48.18% to 57.87% at the seedlings stage( V1) when the population density was 1-5 heads per square meter, and it ranged from 65.67% to 75.05% until the primary flowering stage(R1). The mortality rate in V1 stage was significantly greater than that in V1 to RI stage. Therefore, the control of grubs would be best performed at seedling stage.

关 键 词：东北春大豆田 东北大黑鳃金龟 蛴螬 防治指标 

分 类 号：S433.83[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]