基于电驱动在线快速分离富集技术的研究进展  

Research progress of electrically-driven force based online rapid separation and enrichment techniques

作　　者：刘玉兰 陈雅莉 肖小华[1] 夏凌 李攻科[1] LIU Yulan;CHEN Yali;XIAO Xiaohua;XIA Ling;LI Gongke(School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学化学学院,广东广州510275

出　　处：《色谱》2020年第10期1197-1205,共9页Chinese Journal of Chromatography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21804147,21976213,21675178);广东省重点领域研发计划食品安全重点专项(2019B020211001);国家重点研发计划课题(2019YFC1606101)。

摘　　要：样品前处理能将待测物从复杂基质中预先分离富集出来,以提高分析方法的灵敏度、选择性和准确性,是复杂样品分析的关键步骤。样品前处理是一个非自发的、从无序到有序的熵减过程,不仅费时费力,还极易引起误差。向体系输入能量和降低体系熵值可以增强分离富集效果,加快样品制备过程。将电场引入在线样品前处理,既能向体系做功,又能驱动样品定向迁移,使前处理的熵减过程快速顺利进行,是快速样品制备的有效途径。基于电驱动的在线分离富集技术综合了多种加速策略:(1)以电场形式向体系输入能量,加速传质和传热过程;(2)采用电渗流、电泳等电驱动定向流实现样品在分离、富集、检测各步骤之间的定向迁移,保证样品前处理与检测顺利进行;(3)利用在线联用技术集成样品前处理与分析检测各步骤,从而提高自动化程度,减少人为误差;(4)通过微型化装置或微萃取方法提高样品制备效率,缩短样品制备时间。该文总结了近10年与基于电驱动的在线快速分离富集技术相关的90多篇文献,综述了该技术领域的研究进展,探讨了电驱动毛细管在线快速分离富集技术、电驱动芯片在线快速分离富集技术和电驱动膜萃取在线分离富集技术各自的优势和潜力,并展望了该类技术的发展与应用趋势。Sample preparation is a critical step in complex sample analysis,which enables analyte isolation and preconcentration from a complex matrix.Therefore,sample preparation is an effective approach to enhance the sensitivity,selectivity,and accuracy of the analytical method.However,the transfer of target analytes from a random state in the original sample matrix to a highly ordered pre-analysis state involves an entropy reduction process that cannot occur spontaneously.Therefore,sample preparation is always a time-consuming,labor-intensive,and error-prone process.Introducing additional energy or reducing the entropy of the system can enhance the separation and enrichment effects as well as accelerate sample preparation.The introduction of an electric field into an online sample preparation system can not only introduce additional energy into the system,but also drive the directional migration of the sample among the separation,enrichment,and detection processes,ensuring that the entropy reduction progresses smoothly.These advantages of electrically-driven force based online separation and enrichment techniques make them effective for accelerating sample preparation.Typically,there are four acceleration strategies in electrically-driven force based online separation and enrichment techniques:(1)the additional energy of the electric field is added into the system to accelerate mass transfer and energy exchange;(2)electrically-driven flows,including electroosmotic flow and electrophoretic flow,are applied to drive the directional migration of the sample among the separation,enrichment,and detection processes,ensuring that sample preparation and analysis are executed smoothly;(3)the online integration technique is applied to enhance the automaticity of the entire sample preparation and analysis processes,and reduce errors from manual operation;(4)device miniaturization or size reduction methods such as microextraction are applied to enhance the sample preparation efficiency and reduce the time consumed.This review summar

关 键 词：电驱动 在线分离富集 样品前处理 快速检测 

分 类 号：O658[理学—分析化学]