秃发患者自体毛发移植术后专用保护帽设计与临床应用  

Design and clinical application of specialized protective cap for patients with alopecia after autologous hair transplantation

作　　者：李梦凡 古兰 王玲 戴娇娇 杨薛康 官浩 韩军涛 胡大海 Li Mengfan;Gu Lan;Wang Ling;Dai Jiaojiao;Yang Xuekang;Guan Hao;Han Juntao;Hu Dahai(Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery,Burns Center of PLA,the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University,Xi′an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学第一附属医院全军烧伤中心,烧伤与皮肤外科,西安710032

出　　处：《中华烧伤杂志》2020年第9期865-869,共5页Chinese Journal of Burns

摘　　要：目的探讨秃发患者自体毛发移植术后专用保护帽的设计及在自体毛发移植术后护理中的应用价值。方法笔者用弹性纱布、纤维、硅胶等材料设计一种秃发患者自体毛发移植术后佩戴的专用保护帽,其分为前后2片,前片主要用于保护受发区、后片主要用于供发区的加压止血。将2017年2月—2019年1月在空军军医大学第一附属医院进行自体毛发移植的符合入选标准的81例患者纳入本前瞻性对照研究。按照患者住院号尾号,43例奇数患者纳入保护帽组(男38例、女5例,年龄23~52岁)、38例偶数患者纳入常规组(男34例、女4例,年龄22~55岁)。2组患者毛发移植术后常规行术后宣教,常规组患者术后采用敷料常规包扎,保护帽组患者在此基础上除必要换药、清理及拆除敷料外不间断佩戴专用保护帽至少1周。由主管医师和责任护士通过门诊随访的方式,观察2组患者术后3 d供发区出血情况和术后7 d术区头皮肿胀情况,术后3个月内受发区毛囊炎发生情况、毛囊成活情况,并行患者满意度评分。对数据行两独立样本t检验、χ2检验、Fisher确切概率法检验。结果(1)术后3 d,保护帽组患者中有1例供发区出血,明显少于常规组的8例(P<0.05)。(2)术后7 d,保护帽组患者中4例术区头皮肿胀,明显少于常规组的11例(χ2=5.160,P<0.05)。(3)术后3个月内,保护帽组患者中0例受发区发生毛囊炎,少于常规组的3例。(4)术后3个月,保护帽组患者受发区中100根毛囊成活(94.9±2.8)根,明显多于常规组的(91.1±4.7)根(t=4.354,P<0.01)。(5)术后3个月,保护帽组患者满意度评分为(14.2±2.6)分,明显高于常规组的(12.1±3.0)分(t=3.338,P<0.01)。结论自体毛发移植术后专用保护帽可减少术后供发区出血、术区头皮肿胀情况,提高受发区毛囊成活和患者满意度。Objective To investigate the design of specialized protective cap for patients with alopecia after autologous hair transplantation and its application value in nursing care after autologous hair transplantation.Methods The author designed a kind of specialized protective cap for patients with alopecia after autologous hair transplantation with elastic gauze,fiber,silica gel,and other materials.It was divided into two parts,the front piece was mainly used to protect the hair receiving site,and the back piece was mainly used for pressure hemostasis at the hair donor site.From February 2017 to January 2019,81 patients with alopecia and had autologous hair transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University,who met the inclusion criteria,were enrolled in this prospective controlled study.According to the tail number of admission number of each patient,43 patients with odd numbers were recruited in protective cap group(38 males and 5 females,aged 23 to 52 years)and 38 patients with even numbers were recruited in convention group(34 males and 4 females,aged 22 to 55 years).After hair transplantation surgery,patients in the two groups received routine postoperative education.Patients in the conventional group were treated with conventional dressing after surgery.On this basis,patients in protective cap group wore the specialized protective caps for at least 1 week continuously except for necessary dressing change,wound clean,and dressing remove.The follow-ups was performed by responsible doctors and nurses at clinic.The postoperative hemorrhage at the hair donor site on post surgery day(PSD)3 and swelling of scalp at the surgical site on PSD 7,the folliculitis at the hair receiving site and survival condition of transplanted hair follicle at the receiving site,and satisfaction score within 3 months after surgery were observed and recorded.Data were statistically analyzed with two independent sample t test,chi-square test,and Fisher′s exact probability test.Results(1)On PSD 3,one p

关 键 词：秃发 毛发 设备设计 专用保护帽 

分 类 号：R644[医药卫生—外科学] R441.9[医药卫生—临床医学]