海昏侯墓孔子主题衣镜散论  

Discussion on the Confucian Dressing Mirror Found in Haihun Marquis Tomb

作　　者：王仁湘[1,2] Wang Renxiang

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学历史学院 [2]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2020年第5期4-20,154,共18页Journal of Chinese Culture

摘　　要：江西海昏侯墓出土的孔子衣镜及衣镜上的铭文与画像,蕴含了丰富的含义。衣镜铭文中提及药“右白虎兮左仓龙,下玄蘑兮上凤凰”证明了汉代存在一个媪含“玄鹤”曲四神体系。衣镜架上的孔子及其弟子画像、关于孔子及其弟子生平的文字,表明墓主刘贺深愛孔子思想的影响,也暗含着墓主被废帝位后曾有过深刻的反思,以孔子的话语检视、约束自己。漆书最后几句的文字应当取自司马迁的《孔子世家》,可证刘贺曾读过《史记》。The inscriptions and portrait on the Confucian dressing mirror found in Haihun Marquis Tomb of Jiangxi Province contain a wealth of meanings.The inscription saying"White Tiger on the Right,Azure Dragon in the Left,Black Crane on the Top and Phoenix at the Bottom"proves that there is a Four Symbols System containing"Black Crane" in the Han Dynasty.The portraits and the texts about the life story of Confucius and his disciples on the mirror frame indicate that Liu He,the tomb owner,was deeply influenced by Confucianism,and imply that after dethroned,Liu He had introspected his fault and examined and restrained himself following the words of Confucius.The last few words are believed to be taken from Sima Qian's Biography of Confucius,which proves that Liu He had read the Records of the Grand Historian.

关 键 词：海昏侯墓 孔子 《衣镜铭》 “玄鹤” 四神体系 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学]