农田退水净污湿地对污染物的净化效果及机理分析  

Analysis of purification effect and mechanism of pollutant by the farmland drainage wetland

作　　者：王沛芳[1,2] 娄明月 钱进[1,2] 胡斌[1,2] WANG Peifang;LOU Mingyue;QIAN Jin;HU Bin(College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes,Ministry of Education,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水资源保护》2020年第5期1-10,共10页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07204003);国家自然科学基金(51421006)。

摘　　要：通过对望虞河西岸无锡市古市桥河道整治中农田退水净污湿地的水质净化效果的监测,研究农田湿地对稻田退水中氮磷和有机农药的去除效果,并分析了去除机理。结果表明:农田湿地对总氮、总磷和氨氮的去除率平均值分别为60.95%、72.62%和65.97%,对3种典型农药二甲四氯钠、三唑磷和多菌灵的去除率分别在20.86%~62.33%、17.86%~69.52%和1.31%~61.15%范围内;水体中氮磷可以通过透水坝物理拦截过滤作用、基质吸附作用、微生物代谢作用和植物吸收利用来去除;农田湿地对污染物去除率与各级透水坝所用填料介质密切相关,各级湿地池对污染物去除无显著性差异;水体中农药去除途径较为单一,主要依靠填料表面功能微生物的作用,且第一级透水坝对农药去除率显著低于后两级。By monitoring the water purification effect of the farmland drainage wetland in the remediation of Gushi Bridge River in Wuxi on the west bank of the Wangyu River,the removal effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and organic pesticides in the paddy field backwater by the farmland wetland was studied and the removal mechanism was analyzed.The results show that the average removal rates of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and NH3-N by the farmland wetland were 60.95%,72.62%and 65.97%,respectively.Removal rates of three typical pesticides including MCPA-Na,Triazophos and Carbendazim ranged from 20.86%to 62.33%,17.86%to 69.52%and 1.31%to 61.15%,respectively.Nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body could be removed through physical interception and filtration of the permeable dams,substrate adsorption,microbial metabolism as well as plant absorption and utilization.At the same time,it was found that the removal rates of pollutants by the farmland wetland were closely related to the filler media used in permeable dams at all levels.There were no significant differences in the removal of pollutants by wetland pools at all levels.The pesticides in the water body were removed in a single way,which mainly depended on the effect of functional microorganism on the surface of the filler,and the removal rate of pesticides by the first-stage permeable dam was significantly lower than that of the last two levels.

关 键 词：农田退水 净污湿地 净化机制 半透水型坝 面源污染 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]