地平式望远镜跟踪机架结构设计与分析  

Structure design and analysis of tracking frame for horizontal telescope

作　　者：张岩[1] 陈宝刚[1] 李洪文[1] 曹玉岩[1] ZHANG Yan;CHEN Baogang;LI Hongwen;CAO Yuyan(Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《应用光学》2020年第5期885-890,共6页Journal of Applied Optics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(11803035)。

摘　　要：针对某700 mm口径地平式望远镜系统,提出了一种U型跟踪架的结构设计方案。跟踪架结构中方位轴系采用双排密珠球轴承,轴承设计为双排轴向止推钢珠及双排径向钢珠结构,滚珠的密集及均化作用可保证轴系具有高回转精度。俯仰轴系设计采用一端固定、一端游动的结构方式,以补偿机械误差及热变形对回转精度的影响。对望远镜跟踪架进行有限元建模,分析得出其一阶谐振频率可达到47.6 Hz,说明它具有良好的模态特性。使用电子水平仪及自准直仪分别对方位轴及俯仰轴进行定量检测,方位轴轴系晃动优于1.3″,俯仰轴轴系晃动优于1.8″。通过仿真分析及实验测试,证明设计的望远镜跟踪架结构具有高刚度及高回转精度,为同类跟踪架的结构设计提供了一定的参考价值。The structure design scheme of U-type tracking frame was put forward for a 700 mm aperture horizontal telescope.The double row dense ball bearings were used for azimuth shafting,and the bearing was designed as double row of axial thrust steel balls and double row of radial steel balls.The dense of the ball could ensure the high rotation accuracy of the shafting.First,the pitching shafting was designed as a structure with one end fixed and one end floating to compensate the effect of mechanical error and thermal deformation on the rotation accuracy.Then,the finite element model of tracking frame was established,and the first order resonance frequency could reach to 47.6 Hz,which showed that it had good modal characteristics.Finally,the electronic level and digital autocollimator were used to measure the pitch axis and azimuth axis respectively.The shaking of azimuth axis shafting was better than 1.3″,and the shaking of pitching axis shafting was better than 1.8″.The test results show that the designed telescope tracking frame structure has high stiffness and high rotation accuracy,which provides some reference value for the structure design of similar tracking frames.

关 键 词：光机结构 跟踪架 轴系晃动 模态特性 

分 类 号：TN202[电子电信—物理电子学] TH751[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]