雅好与政治:宋徽宗的金石情结与碑刻政治--一个心理史学研究的尝试  

The Elegant Hobby and Politics:Emperor Huizong’s Epigraphic Complex and the Stone Inscriptions Politics:A Tentative Psycho-historical Study

作　　者：罗昌繁[1] Luo Changfan

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学文学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2020年第5期66-77,共12页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“北宋党争视域下石刻文献的多元观照”(15CZW037)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：宋徽宗在位时常运用碑刻为传播媒介,根据特定的目标人群,在不同区域立碑,刻石宸翰遍及天下。统计诸多徽宗政治碑刻,大致可以政和四年为前后分界线,可见徽宗前期用人抑旧(党)扬新(党),兴学重教,追慕圣王礼治,后期耽溺信神崇道,且在位期间始终强调其统治的权威性。徽宗以碑治国取得了相应成效,但也有部分臣僚利用其金石雅好夤缘谋私。徽宗身在藩邸时书画令名早成,以此艺术雅好为主导因素促成他的自我同一性建构是成为能书善画的藩王,由此造就其艺术上较高的自我效能感,并逐渐构成徽宗的金石情结。此情结在徽宗登位之后又因其政治宏愿得以继续强化,在其统治期间潜意识地支配其政治心理,有意或无意地外显为治国行为。徽宗朝的政治碑刻乃徽宗艺术心理与政治心理相结合的物化形态,可将徽宗的碑刻政治视为他在艺术上的“过去的成功经验”移情到国家治理的行为,代表了君臣合力大规模地对金石之典重与垂远意义的政治性应用。When Emperpor Huizong was in power,he often used stone inscriptions as a communication medium,and set up steles in different areas according to specific target groups.Therefore,his writings were inscribed on steles all over the country.Many of Emperor Huizong’s political inscriptions could roughly be divided by Zhenghe Year 4(1114).In the early Huizong period,the use of people was to suppress Yuanyou partisans and promoted the reformist officials.He also set up schools and attached importance to education as well as admired ritual system.While in the later period,he indulged in belief in Taoism,and always emphasized the authority of his rules during his reign.Emperor Huizong had achieved corresponding results in ruling the country by stone inscriptions.But at the same time,some officials made use of his elegant hobby in epigraphy for personal gain.When Huizong was in the vassal mansion,his paintings and calligraphy made his name early.This artistic elegant hobby as the leading factor promoted his self-identity construction,so he wanted to become a tetrarch who is good at calligraphy and paintings.All these resulted in a higher sense of self-efficacy in his art and gradually helped him form the complex of epigraphy.After Huizong came to the throne,this complex continued to be strengthened because of his political aspirations.During his rule,it subconsciously controlled his political psychology and appeared to be a behavior of ruling the country,intentionally or unintentionally.The political stone inscriptions of Huizong Dynasty is a materialized form that combines his artistic psychology and political psychology.Huizong’s stone inscriptions politics can be regarded as a behavior transferred from his artistic“past successful experience”to state governance.It also represents the grand and immortal significance of the emperor and the ministers’using epigraphy from the perspective of political governance.

关 键 词：宋徽宗 金石 碑刻 情结 心理史学 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]