社区老年人听力损失影响因素分析  

Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Hearing Loss of the Elderly in the Community

作　　者：余艳萍[1,2] 于文永[2] 张新 李博[4,5] 马钊 王斌全 李鹏[7] YU Yan-ping;YU Wen-yong;ZHANG Xin;LI Bo;MA Zhao;WANG Bin-quan;LI Peng

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学护理学院,太原030001 [2]山西医科大学第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,太原030001 [3]山西太原迎泽区新建南路第一社区卫生服务站,太原030001 [4]河南大学慢性病风险评价研究所,开封476005 [5]河南大学护理与健康学院,开封476005 [6]耳朵树听力4s中心,太原030009 [7]山西集智数据服务有限公司,太原030006

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2020年第4期271-274,共4页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

基　　金：山西省软科学研究基金项目:老年人听力障碍的预防与康复策略研究(2016041040-3)。

摘　　要：目的分析影响社区老年人听力损失的相关因素。方法对山西省太原市某社区367例老年人进行纯音测听检查,以较好耳500、1000、2000、4000Hz气导听阈平均值为平均听阈,以4000Hz听阈为高频听阈,应用多因素logistic回归分析性别、年龄、文化程度、BMI指数、血压、血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、吸烟、饮酒、锻炼身体情况与平均听阈、高频听阈的关系。结果①外中耳疾病导致的听力损失占老年人听力损失的5.48%。②在非外中耳疾病因素中,高龄、锻炼身体与老年人平均听阈存在相关性,OR值分别为4.280、0.367;女性、高龄、高血糖与老年人高频听阈存在相关性,OR值分别为0.410、2.928、4.462。结论影响社区老年人听力损失的因素中,除中耳疾病外,高龄、高血糖也是危险因素,女性、锻炼身体是保护因素。Objective To analyze the related factors of hearing loss of the elderly in the community. Methods 367 old people in a community of Taiyuan city were examined by pure tone audiometry. The mean value of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz air conduction threshold was taken as the mean threshold, and 4000 Hz threshold was taken as the high-frequency threshold. Multiple factor logistic regression was used to analyze below factors gender, age, education level, BMI index, blood pressure, blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride, smoking, drinking and exercise, and the relationship between these factors and the average threshold and the high frequency threshold respectively. Results ① 5.48% of the hearing loss of the elderly was caused by the diseases of the external and middle ear. ② In the non external middle ear disease factors, age, physical exercise and the average hearing threshold of the elderly were correlated, OR values were 4.280, 0.367;gender, age, hyperglycemia 3 factors were correlated with the high frequency hearing threshold of the elderly, OR values were 0.410, 2.928, 4.462. Conclusion in addition to the factors of middle ear disease, the elderly and hyperglycemia are the risk factors, while the female and physical exercise are the protective factors.

关 键 词：社区 老年听力损失 影响因素 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]