经纬仪跟踪与激光指向一致性问题研究  

The consistent of laser pointing and theodolite tracking

作　　者：贾文武[1] 张三喜[1] 雷涛[2] Jia Wenwu;Zhang Sanxi;Lei Tao(Chinese Huayin Test Center,Huayin,Shaanxi 714200,China;Institute of Optics and Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610209,China)

机构地区：[1]中国华阴兵器试验中心,陕西华阴714200 [2]中国科学院光电技术研究所,四川成都610209

出　　处：《光电工程》2020年第9期20-27,共8页Opto-Electronic Engineering

基　　金：武器装备军内科研资助项目(012016018200A13302)。

摘　　要：针对激光光轴与经纬仪跟踪光轴的轴间距离(移轴)以及光轴平行性误差造成经纬仪跟踪位置与激光指向位置不一致问题开展研究。对离轴和平行性误差的影响进行了分析,表明大的移轴量和平行性误差将导致激光指向和经纬仪跟踪指向的不一致,进而导致激光测距盲区增大、作用距离下降、目标定位精度降低等问题。提出一种基于偏置跟踪的激光指向动态修正方法,通过使目标始终位于激光光束中心,同时使得激光测距位置和经纬仪跟踪锁定位置保持一致,有效解决了激光边缘能量下降对作用距离的影响,针对某型经纬仪可使目标的测距盲区从1 km下降到82 m。同时针对偏置跟踪算法需要目标初始距离以启动偏置跟踪的问题,提出初始距离未知目标一维搜索方法,大大提高了对初始距离未知目标的搜索效率。本文方法较好地解决了经纬仪跟踪位置与激光指向位置的一致性问题,大大降低了对激光光轴与经纬仪跟踪光轴的移轴与平行性限制。The distance between the laser optical axis and the tracking optical axis of the theodolite(axis shift)and the parallelism error of the optical axis cause the tracking position of the theodolite to be inconsistent with the laser pointing position.The analysis of the influence of off-axis and parallelism errors shows that a large amount of shift and parallelism errors will lead to inconsistencies between the laser pointing and the theodolite tracking pointing,which in turn leads to an increase in the blind zone of the laser ranging,a decrease in the operating distance and the accuracy of target positioning.A dynamic correction method for laser pointing based on bias tracking is proposed.By keeping the target always at the center of the laser beam and keeping the laser ranging position consistent with the theodolite tracking and locking position,it effectively solves the effect of laser edge energy drop on the operating distance.For a certain type of theodolite,the blind spot of the target can be reduced from 1 km to 82 m.At the same time,in view of the problem that the bias tracking algorithm needs the initial distance of the target to start the bias tracking,a one-dimensional search method for the target with unknown initial distance is proposed,which greatly improves the search efficiency of the target with unknown initial distance.The method in this paper solves the problem of the consistency between the tracking position of the theodolite and the pointing position of the laser,and greatly reduces the limitation on the shift and parallelism of the laser optical axis and the theodolite tracking optical axis.

关 键 词：激光单站测量 移轴 平行性误差 偏置跟踪 一维搜索 

分 类 号：TJ760.6[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]