基于微型蒸渗仪的夏玉米棵间蒸发特征与影响因素探究  

Study on the Evaporation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Summer Maize Plants Based on Micro-scale Evapotranspiration Osmotic Apparatus

作　　者：陈雨清 王晓敏 王承志 方蒙蒙 郭潼 孙朋 CHEN Yu-qing;WANG Xiao-min;WANG Cheng-zhi;FANG Meng-meng;GUO Tong;SUN Peng(School of Environment and Surveying Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, China)

机构地区：[1]宿州学院环境与测绘工程学院,安徽宿州234000

出　　处：《信阳农林学院学报》2020年第3期94-99,共6页Journal of Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University

基　　金：安徽省教育厅高校自然科学重点项目(KJ2019A0670);宿州学院博士科研启动基金项目(2017jb04);安徽省大学生创新创业教育训练计划项目(201910379136).

摘　　要：为探究淮北平原砂姜黑土区夏玉米棵间蒸发特征与影响因素,基于自制微型蒸渗仪(ML),结合小时尺度气象要素监测与土壤墒情监测数据,通过设计不同水汽通量覆膜的ML实验,探究不同处理方式下棵间蒸发特征与影响因素。结果表明:①土壤水汽通达度是影响夏玉米棵间蒸发的重要约束因素,得出随着ML地层膜层数的增加对蒸发抑制作用越强,其影响程度由大到小依次为:封底处理>四层膜>两层膜>一层膜。②夏玉米生长初期土壤蒸发呈现逐波动低趋势,据土壤温度测量仪测量结果,越接近地表,含水量就越低,受蒸发的影响就越大,土壤含水率对夏玉米棵间蒸发的影响较大,土壤含水量与棵间蒸发量成正相关。③温度和土壤含水量是影响棵间蒸发的主要因素,辐射量和空气湿度与棵间蒸发的相关性较差。气象因素对夏玉米棵间蒸发的影响为:温度>含水量>辐射量>空气湿度。In order to explore the Huaibei Plain sand ginger black soil area at the summer corn between evaporation characteristics and influencing factors,based on the homemade miniature evapotranspiration(ML),combined with the hour scale meteorological monitoring and soil moisture monitoring data,through the design of different water vapor flux coated ML experiment,to explore different ways to deal with the impact between evaporation characteristics and influencing factors.The results showed that:(1)The soil was treated with different sealing methods.According to the observation results of the miniature evapotranspiration apparatus(ML),it was concluded that with the increase of the number of membrane layers,the actual evaporation amount was smaller,and the influence degree was as follows:the sealing treatment of>four-layer membrane>two-layer membrane>one-layer membrane.(2)According to the soil temperature measuring instrument measurement results,the closer to the surface,the water content is lower,the greater the impact of evaporation,the greater the impact of soil water content on the evaporation of summer maize plants,soil water content and the evaporation of plants into a positive correlation.(3)Temperature and soil water content are the main factors affecting inter-tree evaporation.The influence of meteorological factors on evaporation between summer maize leaves is:temperature>moisture content>radiation>air humidity.

关 键 词：微型蒸渗仪 夏玉米 棵间蒸发 影响因素 覆膜处理 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]