直线电机抽油机导向轮轴断裂的原因  

Fracture Reasons of Guide Wheel Shaft of Linear Motor Pumping Unit

作　　者：宋成立 赵密锋[3] 邢星[3] 刘新宝(指导)[2] 邝献任[1] 刘养勤 丛深 SONG Chengli;ZHAO Mifeng;XING Xing;LIU Xinbao;KUANG Xianren;LIU Yangqin;CONG Shen(State Key Laboratory for Performance and Structure Safety of Petroleum Tubular Goods and Equipment Materials,CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute,Xi'an 710077,China;College of Chemical Engineering,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,China;PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company,Koral 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团石油管工程技术研究院,石油管材及装备材料服役行为与结构安全国家重点实验室,西安710077 [2]西北大学化工学院,西安710069 [3]中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田分公司,库尔勒841000

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2020年第8期84-87,共4页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

摘　　要：某油田直线电机抽油机导向轮轴发生断裂,采用宏观检查、无损检测、化学成分分析、金相检验、扫描电镜、拉伸试验及冲击试验等方法对该导向轮轴的失效原因进行了分析。结果表明:该失效轮轴材料中存在脆性较大的魏氏体和马氏体组织,其与腹板焊接处受焊接热应力影响极易萌生裂纹,在抽油机往复运动产生的交变载荷作用下,裂纹不断扩展最终导致疲劳断裂;建议严格控制导向轮轴的热处理温度和冷却速度,优化焊接工艺,同时加强对轮轴的质量监督及出厂检验。The guide wheel shaft of a linear motor pumping unit in an oil field fractured.The failure reasons were analyzed by macroscopic inspection,non-destructive test,chemical composition analysis,metallographic inspection,scanning electron microscope,tensile test and impact test.The results show that there were brittle Widmanite and martensite structures in the fractured wheel shaft,and the crack was easy to initiate at the welding joint with the web effected by the welding thermal stress.Under the alternating load caused by the reciprocating movement of the pumping unit,the cracks continued to propagate,and eventually led to the fatigue fracture of the wheel shaft.It was recommended to strictly control the heating temperature and cooling speed during heat treatment of the wheel shaft,optimize the welding process,and strengthen the quality supervision and delivery inspection of the wheel shaft.

关 键 词：直线电机抽油机 导向轮轴 疲劳断裂 焊接热裂纹 

分 类 号：TE931[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]