邮轮治安事件的管辖冲突与因应对策  

The jurisdiction conflict and countermeasures of cruise security affairs

作　　者：高嘉轩 孙思琪[1] GAO Jia-xuan;SUN Si-qi(Law School,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学法学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2020年第3期50-55,共6页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

基　　金：上海市人民政府决策咨询研究邮轮经济专项课题“我国邮轮旅游消费者权益保障研究”(2018-Z-J07-A)。

摘　　要：目前中国邮轮旅游涉及的治安问题突出表现在管辖方面,公安机关碍于诸种考量往往未能积极行使管辖权。邮轮位于中国领域期间船上发生的治安违法乃至犯罪行为的管辖困境,主要源于中国属地管辖与他国旗国管辖的冲突。属地管辖的效力基础在于国家主权,而旗国管辖主要是为避免船舶航行于公海等国家主权以外区域时发生管辖权落空,因而属地管辖较之旗国管辖应当具有更为优先的效力。中国对于停靠在中国港口的外国邮轮可以依据法律规定行使属地管辖权,而不应受到他国旗国管辖的影响。最高司法机关应当针对邮轮旅游在中国的快速发展适时出台司法解释,明确《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚法》第4条第1款、《中华人民共和国刑法》第3条第1款的具体应用。At present,the public security issues involved in cruise tourism in China embody in the jurisdiction.The public security organs often fail to exercise jurisdiction actively due to various considerations.When the cruise is located in our country,the dilemma of jurisdiction is the illegal behavior and even the criminal act occurred on the ship,which mainly stems from the conflict between Chinese territorial jurisdiction and the jurisdiction of the other country.The effectiveness of territorial jurisdiction is based on national sovereignty,and flag state jurisdiction is mainly to avoid the lack of jurisdiction when ships sail in the high seas and other areas outside national sovereignty.Therefore territorial jurisdiction should have more priority than flag state jurisdiction.China can exercise territorial jurisdiction over foreign cruise ships docking at Chinese ports according to the law,not be affected by the flag state jurisdiction of other countries.The highest judicial organ should timely issue judicial interpretation aiming at the rapid development of cruise tourism in China,and clarify the specific application of Article 4(1)of Public Security Administration Punishments Law of the People’s Republic of China and Article 3(1)of Criminal Law of the People’s Republic of China.

关 键 词：邮轮 治安事件 《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚法》 属地管辖 旗国管辖 

分 类 号：D922.14[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]