冷热水交替浴对优秀羽毛球运动员身体机能的影响  

Effect of Contrast Water Therapy on Physical Function of Elite Badminton Players

作　　者：檀志宗[1] 李男[1] 任雪[1] 赵海燕[1] TAN Zhizong;LI Nan;REN Xue;ZHAO Haiyan(Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science&Shanghai Anti-Doping Agency,Shanghai 200030)

机构地区：[1]上海体育科学研究所(上海市反兴奋剂中心),上海200030

出　　处：《体育科研》2020年第5期58-63,共6页Sport Science Research

基　　金：上海市科委科技创新行动计划项目(19DZ1200700);上海市体育局科技“综合计划”(19Z015)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨重复冷热水交替浴(CWT)对羽毛球运动员运动后身体机能的影响。方法:将16名优秀男子羽毛球运动员随机分成CWT组和对照组(CON),每组8名。两组运动员均参与两周体能训练,每节训练课后分别采用CWT或静态休息作为整理活动,其间动态检测运动员的主观疲劳度、运动能力和代谢指标,评价运动员机能恢复情况。结果:在主观感觉上,CWT组在每周最后一节训练课后即刻、下一周周一上午训练前肌肉酸痛感和全身自感疲劳度均明显低于CON组(P<0.05),两组运动员经过周末休息后肌肉酸痛和全身自感疲劳度均明显改善(P<0.05);在运动能力上,CWT组静蹲成绩在每周最后一节训练课后即刻明显优于CON组(P<0.05),两周训练结束后即刻立定跳远成绩明显优于CON组(P<0.05);经过周末休息后,CWT组立定跳远与静蹲成绩没有显著性改变(P>0.05);在机体代谢水平上,随着两周大运动量训练,血清肌酸激酶(CK)浓度组间没有显著性差异(P>0.05),而两周训练后,CWT组血清尿素氮(BUN)浓度明显低于CON组(P<0.05)。结论:CWT能缓解羽毛球男子运动员连续运动后的肌肉酸痛感和全身自感疲劳度,能延缓立定跳远和静蹲能力的下降,可能降低体内蛋白分解水平。Objective:To explore the effect of repeated contrast water therapy(CWT)on physiological function of elite badminton players after training.Methods:Sixteen elite badminton players were randomly divided into the CWT group and the CON group,with eight players in each group.According to the two-week strength and conditioning plan,CWT or passive rest was adopted as cooling-down after each training.By dynamically monitoring the subjective fatigue,sports perfomance and metabolic indexes of athletes,the effects of CWT were analyzed.Results:In terms of subjective sensation,the degree of muscle soreness and rating of perceived exertion(RPE)of the CWT group were significantly lower than those of the CON group immediately after weekly training and after weekend rest(P<0.05).After the weekend rest,the muscle soreness and fatigue of both groups of athletes were significantly relieved(P<0.05).In terms of perfomance,the CWT group did significantly better than the CON group in static squat immediately after the weekly training(P<0.05),and the CWT group also did significantly better than the CON group in standing long jump immediately after the two-week training(P<0.05).After weekend rest,there was no significant change in the results of standing long jump and static squat for the CWT group(P>0.05).In terms of metabolic indexes,with two weeks'intense training,there was no significant difference in serum CK concentration between the two groups(P>0.05);while after two weeks of training,the serum BUN concentration of the CWT group was significantly lower than that of the CON group(P<0.05).Conclusions:CWT can relieve the muscle soreness and RPE of badminton players after strenuous exercise,slow down the decline of performance in standing long jump and static squat,and may reduce protein decomposition level in the body.

关 键 词：冷热水交替浴 主观疲劳度 运动能力 磷酸肌酸激酶 尿素氮 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]