2013—2017年宁夏法定传染病疫情分析  

Outbreak of Notifiable Epidemic Diseases Situation in Ningxia from 2013 to 2017

作　　者：李涛[1] 李红[2] 孙伟[1] 龚瑞[1] 黎晞 LI Tao;LI Hong;SUN Wei;GONG Rui;LI Xi(Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan 750004,China;Ningxia Eye Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People’s Hospita(l the First Affiliated Hospital,Northwest Minzu University)Clinical Medical Research Center for Blinding Eye Diseases in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏疾病预防控制中心,银川750004 [2]宁夏回族自治区人民医院宁夏眼科医院(西北民族大学第一附属医院)宁夏致盲性眼病临床医学研究中心,银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏医科大学学报》2020年第8期809-813,共5页Journal of Ningxia Medical University

摘　　要：目的了解2013—2017年宁夏法定传染病流行特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统中传染病报告信息管理系统对2013—2017年宁夏法定传染病报告发病及死亡情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2013—2017年我区无甲类传染病报告,共报告乙丙类传染病25种176782例,年均报告发病率为534.78/10万,年均报告死亡率为0.53/10万,年均病死率为0.09%。五年间报告发病率呈下降趋势,居前五位的病种依次是:其他感染性腹泻病、手足口病、乙肝、梅毒、肺结核,报告死亡病种以艾滋病、肺结核和狂犬病为主,乙类传染病中血源及性传播传染病发病最多(52.64%),其次是呼吸道传染病(25.16%)。全区地市中报告发病率最高为银川市(692.83/10万),最低为石嘴山市(405.12/10万),县(市、区)中报告发病率最高为金凤区(998.41/10万),最低为海原县(357.31/10万)。我区传染病发病高峰主要集中在6—7月份,高发人群为0~5岁和20~55岁组,集中在农民、散居儿童和幼托儿童。结论近年来,我区法定传染病疫情整体呈下降趋势,重点做好乙肝、梅毒、肺结核等慢性传染病的综合防控和高危人群干预,强化手足口病和其他感染性腹泻病的监测、防控措施的落实及宣传教育。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of legal infectious diseases in Ningxia from2013 to 2017,and to provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the reported incidence and death of legal infectious diseases in Ningxia from 2013 to 2017 through the "infectious disease report information management system in China’s disease prevention and control information system". Results From 2013 to 2017,there was no report of class A infectious diseases in Ningxia. A total of 25 kinds of 176782 cases of class B and C infectious diseases were reported,with an average annual reported incidence of 534.78/100,000,an average annual reported mortality of0.53/100,000 and an average annual mortality of 0.09%. In the past five years,the reported incidence has a downward trend. The top five diseases are other infectious diarrhea,hand,foot and mouth disease,hepatitis B,syphilis and tuberculosis. The reported death diseases are mainly AIDS,tuberculosis and rabies. The blood source and sexually transmitted infectious diseases are the most common(52.64%),followed by respiratory infectious diseases(25.16%). Yinchuan City(692.83/100,000),Shizuishan City(405.12/100,000),Jinfeng district(998.41/100,000) and Haiyuan county(357.31/100,000) have the highest reported incidence. The peak incidence of infectious diseases in our district is mainly from June to July. The high incidence population is 0-5 years old and 20-55 years old groups,which are concentrated in farmers,scattered children and children in kindergartens. Conclusion In recent years,the epidemic situation of legal infectious diseases in Ningxia has declined as a whole. We should focus on comprehensive prevention and control of chronic infectious diseases such as hepatitis B,syphilis,tuberculosis and intervention of high-risk groups,strengthen the monitoring of hand,foot and mouth disease and other infectious diarrhea diseases,and implement the prevention and control measures,and publicit

关 键 词：法定传染病 疫情特征 流行病学分析 

分 类 号：R181.8[医药卫生—流行病学]