深度贫困地区农户借贷能有效提升脱贫质量吗?  

Can Rural Households’Loan Effectively Improve the Quality of Poverty Alleviation in Areas of Extreme Poverty?

作　　者：王汉杰[1,2] 温涛 韩佳丽[3] Wang Hanjie;Wen Tao;Han Jiali

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院 [2]哥廷根大学农业经济与农村发展系 [3]西南政法大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国农村经济》2020年第8期54-68,共15页Chinese Rural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“农村金融市场‘精英俘获’困境破解与包容性成长研究”(项目编号:71773099);中宣部文化名家暨“四个一批”人才项目“中国特色金融扶贫理论及机制创新研究”(中宣办发[2017]年47号);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金创新团队项目“‘一带一路’倡议下的金融扶贫合作研究”(项目编号:SWU2009105)的资助

摘　　要：有效提升深度贫困地区农户脱贫质量是实现脱贫可持续性的重要保障。基于深度贫困地区农户调查数据,本文以"聚类-粗糙集"方法构建了深度贫困地区农户脱贫质量评价指标体系,并综合运用两阶段最小二乘法与工具变量分位数回归法实证考察了农户借贷对脱贫质量的影响。研究结果表明:农户正规借贷能显著提升深度贫困地区农户的脱贫质量,但这一作用具有群体异质性,即更有利于提升"精英农户"的脱贫质量,对于深度贫困户的作用并不显著;深度贫困地区农户非正规借贷不利于农户脱贫质量的提升,这一抑制作用集中表现在深度贫困群体当中。因此,各级政府应加快完善深度贫困地区信贷扶贫政策体系,切实提升农户脱贫质量。Effectively improving the quality of poverty alleviation in deep poverty-stricken areas is an important guarantee for the sustainability of poverty alleviation.Based on the survey data collected from the rural households in areas of extreme poverty,this article uses a“cluster-rough set”method to construct a poverty alleviation quality evaluation index for rural households in areas of extreme poverty,and comprehensively uses a two-stage least squares method and a quantile regression method to empirically investigates the impact of rural households’loan on the quality of poverty alleviation.The results show that formal loan can significantly improve the poverty alleviation quality of farmers in areas of extreme poverty.However,this effect has group heterogeneity.Specifically,it is more conducive to improving the quality of poverty alleviation of“elite farmers”,but has no significant effect for extremely impoverished households.Besides,informal loan is not conducive to the improvement of the quality of poverty alleviation.This inhibitory effect is concentrated in the extremely impoverished groups.Therefore,the government should accelerate the improvement of credit poverty alleviation policies in areas of extreme poverty so as to effectively improve the quality of poverty alleviation for farmers.

关 键 词：深度贫困地区 正规借贷 非正规借贷 脱贫质量 

分 类 号：F328[经济管理—产业经济]