大流能比条件下低坝戽流的界限水深计算研究  

Study on critical water depth of low-dam bucket flow under condition of large flow energy ratio

作　　者：王庆 樊忠成 李阳 郭永鑫[3] 郭新蕾[3] 云斌 庞文台 WANG Qing;FAN Zhongcheng;LI Yang;GUO Yongxin;GUO Xinlei;YUN Bin;PANG Wentai(Inner Mongolia Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute, Huhhot 010010, Inner Mongolia, China;Construction Management and Quality Safety Center, Ministry of Water Resources, Beijing 100038, China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区水利水电勘测设计院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]水利部建设管理与质量安全中心,北京100038 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点试验室,北京100038

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2020年第9期90-96,共7页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0401706);内蒙古水利厅水利科研项目(N303018000004514)。

摘　　要：消力戽水力计算的主要任务之一是确定临界戽流的界限水深,现有公式主要基于流能比K<0.1的原型和模型试验资料给出。为了验证公式在K>0.1条件下的适用性,基于低坝戽流的物理模型试验,对临界戽流的典型计算公式进行了系统地比较和分析,结果表明:现有戽底收缩水深经验公式由于导出条件的限制,在K>0.1条件下的计算误差较大,进而影响界限水深的计算精度。因此,基于试验资料拟合给出流能比K<0.28条件下戽底水深的经验公式。临界戽流界限水深的理论公式受压力校正参数精度的影响,在流能比K>0.15条件下的误差较大,而经验公式能够适应较大范围的流能比条件,且计算精度较高,使用简单便捷。研究成果可为灌区低坝戽流消能的水力设计提供依据。Determining the critical water depth of the critical bucket flow is one of the main tasks of the hydraulic calculation of energy dissipating bucket,but the existing hydraulic formulae are mainly made based on the experimental data from prototype and model experiments on flow energy ratio K<0.1.In order to verify the adaptability of the formula under the condition of K>0.1,the typical formulae for the critical bucket flow are systematically compared and analyzed on the basis of the physical model experiments on the low-dam bucket flow,from which the results show that the calculation errors from the existing empirical formulae for the bucket bottom contracted water depth are relatively larger under the condition of K>0.1 due to the limitations of the relevant deriving conditions,and then the critical water depth calculation accuracies are to be influenced as well.Therefore,an empirical formula for the bucket bottom water depth under the condition of the flow energy ratio K<0.28 is given through fitting the relevant experimental data.As the theoretical formulae for the critical water depth of the bucket flow are influenced by the accuracies of the pressure correction parameters,and then the errors from them are to be relatively larger under the condition of the flow energy ratio K>0.15,while the empirical formula can be adaptable for the condition of the flow energy ratio within a larger range,thus the calculation accuracy of it is higher and then it can be simply used.The study result can provide a basis for the hydraulic design of the energy dissipation for the low-dam bucket flow in the irrigation areas concerned.

关 键 词：临界戽流 戽底水深 共轭水深 流能比 弗劳德数 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]