韩城矿区河流水化学特征及其影响机制  

Hydrochemical characteristics of river and influence mechanism in Hancheng Mining Area

作　　者：段磊[1,2] 孙亚乔[1,2] 毛明 校康 王晓东[1,2] 童秀娟[1,2] DUAN Lei;SUN Yaqiao;MAO Ming;XIAO Kang;WANG Xiaodong;TONG Xiujuan(School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China;Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学水利与环境学院,陕西西安710054 [2]旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2020年第9期154-161,共8页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41877190、41372258);陕西省重点研发项目(2020ZDLSF06-04)。

摘　　要：为了认识煤矿区地表水的水文地球化学效应及主要影响因素,以韩城煤矿区凿开河为研究对象,运用水化学分析、灌溉用水质量评价和水文地球化学模拟等方法开展研究。结果表明,凿开河中下游的常量元素和微量元素较凿开河上游明显升高;中下游SO42-、Cl-和F-的含量较高,最高值分别为2073.30 mg/L、2982.05 mg/L和3.49 mg/L。地表水化学类型由凿开河上游的Mg·Ca-HCO3和Mg·Ca-SO4型转化为下游的Mg·Na-Cl型。凿开河上游水质好,适宜用于灌溉;中下游地表水具有高盐度危害和高钠风险,不宜用于灌溉。矿坑水混合是凿开河中下游Na+、Ca2+、Cl-、SO42-、TDS和微量元素升高的重要因素,控制河流上游水化学的水文地球化学过程是方解石、白云石和石膏的溶解/沉淀以及离子交换等作用,矿坑水的混入导致控制河流下游水化学的水文地球化学过程以混合稀释作用为主,蒸发作用其次。煤矿区矿坑水的混入是造成韩城矿区地表水水质恶化和水文地球化学效应转变的最主要影响因素。In order to study the hydrogeochemical effect and the main influencing factors of the Zaokai River in the coal mine area,the water chemical analysis,irrigation water quality evaluation and hydrogeochemical simulation are used to investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of surface water and water components in the study area.The result shows that the content of the major and trace elements in the middle and lower reaches of Zaokai river is higher than that in the upper reaches of Zaokai River.The content of SO42-,Cl-and F-is higher in the middle and lower reaches,with the highest values of 2073.30 mg/l,2982.05 mg/l and 3.49 mg/l respectively.The chemical types of surface water changed from Mg·Ca-HCO3 and Mg·Ca-SO4 in the upper reaches to Mg·Na-Cl in the lower reaches.The water quality in the upper reaches of Zaokai River is good,which is suitable for irrigation.But the surface water in the middle and lower reaches of Zaokai river is not suitable for irrigation because of its high salinity and high sodium risk.The mixing of mine water is an important factor for the increase of Na+、Ca2+、Cl-、SO42-、TDS and trace elements in the middle and lower reaches of the Zaokai River.The hydrogeochemical process controlling the water chemistry in the upper reaches of the river is the dissolution/precipitation and ion exchange of calcite,dolomite and gypsum.The mixing of mine water results in the hydrogeochemical process controlling the water chemistry in the lower reaches of the river,which is dominated by mixing dilution and evaporation.The mixing of mine water in the coal mine area is the main factor that causes the deterioration of surface water quality and the change of hydrogeochemical effect in Hancheng mining area.

关 键 词：水化学特征 水文地球化学过程 水质评价 韩城矿区 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]