关于李冬木译、芳贺矢一著的《国民性十论》  

On Haga Yaiti’s Ten Essays on National Character Translated by Li Dongmu

作　　者： 张宇飞(译) SAKAI Takeshi;ZHANG Yufei

机构地区：[1]佛教大学,日本东京603-8301

出　　处：《济南大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期55-58,158,共5页Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：本书是活跃于明治到大正年间的日本代表性国文学家芳贺矢一的代表作,也是了解明治末期日本人想要被怎样看待的一级资料。书中将尊敬天皇、热爱国家、尊崇与天皇相联的祖先和家族作为日本的国民性予以强调,其命脉一保持到15年战争时,被用于宣扬国威。芳贺矢一的学问是以德国的文献学为基础的。德国文献学通过对文献的研究,试图理解产生文献的人们的精神。芳贺矢一所依靠的贝克,试图通过对文献的研究来揭示德国人的国民性。芳贺矢一也试图通过文献研究来揭示日本人的国民性。以上是该书内容的介绍,译者不仅指出周氏兄弟对国民性这一概念的接受,也指出了其对鲁迅《狂人日记》的影响。鲁迅说他读了《资治通鉴》乃悟中国人是吃人的民族,而《资治通鉴》又正是《国民性十论》用来作为中国人吃人证据的书籍。本书超越了翻译的范围,具有非常有趣的内容。是一部花费功夫的译注本。This book is a masterpiece by Haga Yaiti,a leading Japanese writer active in the Meiji and Taisho period,and a primary source for understanding how Japanese people wanted to be perceived at the end of the Meiji period.The book emphasizes respect for the emperor,love of the country,and reverence for ancestors and families associated with the emperor as the national character of Japan,the lifeblood of which was maintained until the 15-year war,when it was used to promote national prestige.Haga Yaiti’s study was based on German philology.Through the study of literature,German philology attempts to understand the spirit of the people who produce them.August Boeckh,on whose methodologies Haga Yaiti relied,attempted to reveal the national character of the German people through the study of literature.Haga Yaiti also attempted to reveal the national character of the Japanese through the study of literature.The above is an introduction to the content of the book.And the translator points out not only the Zhou brothers’acceptance of the concept of national character,but also its influence on Lu Xun’s Diary of a Madman.Lu Xun said that he realized that the Chinese were a cannibalistic people after reading Zi Zhi Tong Jian,while it was the very book used as the evidence for Chinese cannibalism in Ten Essays on National Character.This book goes beyond the scope of translation and has very interesting content.It is a well-composed translation with notes.

关 键 词：芳贺矢一 国民性 文献学 周氏兄弟 《狂人日记》 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]