口罩聚丙烯熔喷布的静电机理及其影响因素的研究进展  

Research Progress of Static-electricity Mechanism and Influencing Factors of Polypropylene Melt-blown Nonwovens in Mask

作　　者：侯冠一 武文杰[1] 万海肖 张至宇 高科 李赛 刘铭晖 胡水[1] 张世甲 田洪池 孙晓丽[1] 王东[1] 王丹[1] 刘军[1] 卢咏来[1] 张立群[1] HOU Guan-yi;WU Wen-jie;WAN Hai-xiao;ZHANG Zhi-yu;GAO Ke;LI Sai;LIU Ming-hui;HU Shui;ZHANG Shi-jia;TIAN Hong-chi;SUN Xiao-li;WANG Dong;WANG Dan;LIU Jun;LU Yong-lai;ZHANG Li-qun(State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Shangdong Dawn Polymer Material Co.,Ltd.,Longkou,265703,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学有机-无机国家重点实验室,北京100029 [2]山东道恩高分子材料股份有限公司,龙口265703

出　　处：《高分子通报》2020年第8期1-22,共22页Polymer Bulletin

摘　　要：自新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情发生以来,口罩由于可以有效的防止病毒传播,成了不可或缺的防疫物资,在复工复产的过程中也发挥了重要的作用。在保证安全的前提下,口罩的重复利用,对缓解市场的供需矛盾和避免资源的浪费具有重大意义。常用的一次性无纺布口罩分为里、中、外三层,中间一层为隔离过滤层,是起到防护效果的关键层,使用的材料是超细聚丙烯熔喷布(简称熔喷布)。在生产过程中,熔喷布通常需要驻极处理,从而利用静电作用吸附病毒及含病毒的颗粒,达到防护效果,并且电荷越多,吸附能力就越强,对病毒的阻隔效率也越高。因此,对熔喷布电荷稳定性的研究是实现口罩可重复利用的关键。本论文系统总结了驻极工艺、储存环境及聚丙烯的结构对空间电荷的影响,主要包括充电电压、充电温度与时间、储存环境、聚丙烯的结晶结构与纤维结构,从而对高性能可重复利用口罩的设计与生产提供科学指导。Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease(COVID-19),masks can effectively prevent the spread of virus,which is not only a crucial weapon for preventing the virus,but also an indispensable anti-epidemic material in the process of resuming production.On the premise of ensuring safety,the reuse of masks is of great significance to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand in the market and avoid the waste of resources.Commonly used disposable non-woven fabric masks are divided into inner,middle and outer layers.The middle layer is an isolation filter layer,which is a key layer for protection.The material used is ultra-fine polypropylene melt-blown nonwovens(Abbreviated as PP film).In the production process,the PP film usually needs to be charged by corona polarized charging,so as to use static electricity to adsorb viruses and virus-containing particles to achieve a protective effect.And the more stable the charge,the stronger the adsorption capacity,the higher the blocking efficiency.Therefore,research on the mechanism of blocking and charge stability is the key to reusable masks.This paper systematically summarizes the effects of electret process,charge decay process and the structure of PP on the surface charge,mainly including charging voltage,charging temperature and time,storage environment,PP crystal structure and fiber structure,etc,aiming to provide guidance for the design and production of reusable masks.

关 键 词：聚丙烯熔喷布 驻极体 静电吸附 电荷 

分 类 号：TS941.724[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程] TQ342.3[化学工程—化纤工业]