灾难危机与社会张力:新冠疫情背景下的舆情生发与传播畸变  

Disaster Crisis and Social Tension:Public Opinion Generation and Transmission Distortion in the Context of New Coronavirus Epidemic

作　　者：王智慧 WANG Zhi-hui(Sport Department,Renmin University of China,Bejjing 100872,China;Research Center for Humanistic Beijing,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Sports and Social Development Research Center,Renmin University of China,Beijing100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学体育部,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学人文北京(人文奥运)研究中心,北京100872 [3]中国人民大学体育与社会发展研究中心,北京100872

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第4期43-53,111,共12页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：北京市哲学社会科学基金一般项目(编号为17JDYTB009)。

摘　　要：文章立足于新型冠状病毒感染肺炎引发危机事件的情景,聚焦于危机场域空间之下的舆情生发、畸变以及由此产生的个体与群体反应,以疾疫期间由舆情畸变引发的现象为例,通过考察该现象的成因、过程与结果,探讨由疾疫引发危机事件期间民众的认知和行为走向。研究发现,人际隔离与恐慌升级导致"标签"扩大化,疫情爆发初期基于事件本身严重性、信息发布的模糊性以及民众嵌入后群体性议论的社会再生产过程,导致媒介舆论的负性张力溢出进而引发恐慌和集群行为。同时,疾疫爆发与防控期间存在着社会声望的变化过程,医护人员的职业和社会声望有所凸显。在后疾疫时代应以此为契机,重塑社会声望导向,强化国族认同意识。Based on the scenario of a crisis caused by COVID-19 epidemic,this paper focused on the individual and group reactions under the field space of the crisis,took the phenomena of"stigma and discrimination","class disorder"and"rumor cluster behavior"as examples,through the investigation into the cause,process and result of this phenomenon,discussed the trend of people’s cognition and behavior during the crisis events caused by epidemic diseases.The study found that interpersonal isolation and crisis response led to the expansion of"labels"and inaccurate crisis response measures and information release,which led to public dissatisfaction and initiate stigma and discrimination against individuals and groups in epidemic areas.Based on the seriousness of the event itself,the ambiguity of information release and the social reproduction process of group discussion after the public embedding,caused the negative tension overflow of media and public opinion,which in turn triggers panic and cluster behavior.At the same time,there was a change process of social prestige during the outbreak and prevention and control of the disease,the occupational and social prestige of medical staff was highlighted.While putting forward the corresponding countermeasures to the above problems,we found that in the post-epidemic era we should take this opportunity to conduct the enlightenment of value cognition and reshape the orientation of social prestige;we should engrave the value and significance of life demonstrated during the fight against the epidemic into the collective traumatic memory.Meanwhile,we should anchor the social representation of the Chinese nation community in face of the disaster and strengthen the national identity consciousness.

关 键 词：职业声望 人际隔离 信任异化 

分 类 号：G206[文化科学—传播学]