同步辐射高压衍射技术  

High Pressure Diffraction Using Synchrotron Radiation

作　　者：刘景[1] LIU Jing(Institute of High Energy Physics,CAS,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100049

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2020年第5期27-46,共20页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1530134,10875142,11075175);中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KJCX2-SW-N20,KJCX2-SW-N03);中国科学院大型科研装备研制项目(SYGNS04)。

摘　　要：同步辐射光源具有宽光谱、高亮度、高准直等优异性能,被广泛地用于高压科学研究。在依托同步辐射光源所发展的诸多高压研究手段中,X射线衍射是最基本的也是应用最多的实验技术之一。本文简单介绍了同步辐射光的独特性能和光源的基本构成,以及同步辐射光束线和实验站的基本概念。针对基于金刚石对顶砧(DAC)的高压X射线衍射技术,阐述了多种测试方法的原理和应用,包括粉末衍射、单晶衍射、多晶衍射、径向衍射、激光加温衍射以及快速加载衍射等。对北京同步辐射装置(BSRF)4W2高压衍射线站所提供的同步辐射光品质、X射线微聚焦能力、多种衍射方法以及新近发展的实验技术进行了较详细的描述,并展望了高能同步辐射光源(HEPS)的建设给高压科学研究带来的机遇。Synchrotron radiation source can offer wide-spectrum,high-energy,high-brightness,and lowemittance,which has been widely used in high pressure research.Among the X-ray techniques,the X-ray diffraction is one of the most basic and widely used experimental techniques,and is likely to remain the dominant application for high-pressure research in the future.Here the unique properties of synchrotron radiation,the basic composition of the light source,and the concepts of beam lines and experimental stations are briefly introduced.The high-pressure X-ray diffraction based on diamond anvil cells is focused.Various diffraction methods are explained,including powder diffraction,single X-ray diffraction and radial X-ray diffraction,as well as the combination with the laser heating and fast loading techniques.The equipment configuration and the capabilities of the high-pressure beamline at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility(BSRF)are also described,including the quality of radiation from 4W2 wiggler,X-ray micro-focusing,various diffraction methods and newly developed techniques.At last the opportunities brought by the construction of High Energy Photon Source(HEPS)for high pressure research are prospected.

关 键 词：高压 X射线衍射 同步辐射 DAC 

分 类 号：O434.19[机械工程—光学工程] O521.3[理学—光学]