初生去势对荷斯坦公犊体重和血液生化、激素指标的影响  

Effect of castration at birth on body weight, blood biochemical and hor mone indexes of Holstein bull calves

作　　者：郭珍珍 何丽华 辛杭书[3] 刘利[1] 许珊珊[1] 赵晓川[1] 刘晓宁 赵文江 柴梦龙 孙芳[1] GUO Zhenzhen;HE Lihua;XIN Hangshu;LIU Li;XU Shanshan;ZHAO Xiaochuan;LIU Xiaoning;ZHAO Wenjiang;CHAI Menglong;SUN Fang(Institute of Animal Husbandry,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China;Liaoning Vocational College of Ecological Engineering,Shenyang 110122,China;Northeast Agricultural University,Animal Science and Technology,Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Provincial Animal Husbandry Station,Harbin 150069,China;Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science,Qiqihar 161005,China;Heilongjiang Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Harbin 150069,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所,哈尔滨150086 [2]辽宁生态工程职业学院农牧学院,沈阳110122 [3]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030 [4]黑龙江省畜牧总站,哈尔滨150069 [5]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005 [6]黑龙江省动物疫病预防与控制中心,哈尔滨150069

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2020年第17期1-5,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501700);黑龙江省自然科学重点基金项目(zd2017005);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(2019CX-16)。

摘　　要：为了研究初生去势对荷斯坦公犊体重和血液生化、激素指标的影响,试验选取34头荷斯坦初生公犊,按照配对试验设计分为2组,即阉牛组(初生去势)和公牛组(未去势),每组17头,分别在试验第1,120,150,180,210,240,260,400,450天测量体重,在试验第120,260,400天测定血液生化和激素指标。两组公犊饲养条件及日粮水平完全相同,试验期为450 d,其中肥育期为330 d。结果表明:试验期第120~260天,公牛组公犊体重显著或极显著高于阉牛组(P<0.05或P<0.01);试验期第1~120天,公牛组公犊日增重显著高于阉牛组(P<0.05);其他试验期两组公犊体重、日增重均差异不显著(P>0.05)。在试验期第120天,阉牛组公犊血清中总蛋白、睾酮含量显著低于公牛组(P<0.05);在试验期第260天,与公牛组相比,阉牛组公犊血清中生长激素含量极显著降低(P<0.01);在试验期第400天,阉牛组公犊血清中尿素氮、三酰甘油、皮质激素、胰岛素含量均显著或极显著高于公牛组(P<0.05或P<0.01),而睾酮含量极显著低于公牛组(P<0.01)。说明初生结扎去势可降低荷斯坦公犊早期体重和日增重,同时初生去势处理可改变荷斯坦公犊血清中的激素含量,降低体内睾酮含量和育肥前期生长激素水平,而在育肥后期阉牛组血清中皮质激素、胰岛素、尿素氮及三酰甘油含量均高于公牛组。This trial was conducted to research the effects of castration at birth on growth performance and blood parameters in fattening Holstein bull calves, 34 Holstein newborn calves were selected in the experiment, according to the paired test design, that divided into the steer group(newborn castration) and the bull group(uncastrated), with 17 calves in each group. Live body weight was measured at 1 d, 120 d, 150 d, 180 d, 210 d, 240 d, 260 d, 400 d, and 450 d respectively, while blood biochemical and hormonal indicators were measured at 120 d, 260 d and 400 d. The feeding conditions and diet levels of the two groups of experimental calves were identical. The experimental period was 450 days, and the fattening period was 330 days. The results showed that the body weight of the bull group was significant or extremely significant higher than that of the steer group(P<0.05 or P<0.01) at 120~260 days. The average daily gain(ADG) in bull group was significantly higher than that in steer group(P<0.05) from day 1 to day 120. In other test periods, there were no significant differences in body weight and daily gain between the bull group and steer group observed(P>0.05). On the 120 d, the serum levels of total protein and testosterone in the steer group were significantly lower than those in the bull group(P<0.05). On the 260 d, the serum growth hormone levels was significantly lower in the steer group than in the bull group(P<0.01). On the 400 d, serum concentrations of the urea nitrogen, triglyceride, glucocorticoid and insulin in the steer group were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in the bull group(P<0.05 or P<0.01), while testosterone levels in the steer group was lower than that in the bull group(P<0.01). The results indicated that newborn ligation castration could reduce the early body weight and daily weight gain of Holstein calves, while early castration treatment could change the hormone content in the serum of Holstein calves, reduce the testosterone content and growth hormone levels in

关 键 词：初生去势 荷斯坦公犊 育肥 日增重 血液生化指标 激素 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]