中国生猪养殖的最优规模研究——基于不同效率指标的考察  

Research of the Optimal Scale of Pig Breeding in China——Investigation Based on Different Efficiency Indexes

作　　者：王善高[1] 田旭[1] 徐章星 Wang Shangao;Tian Xu;Xu Zhangxing(College of Economics and Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;College of Finance,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院,南京210095 [2]南京农业大学金融学院,南京210095

出　　处：《统计与决策》2020年第17期51-56,共6页Statistics & Decision

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71473123);江苏省研究生培养创新工程项目(KYCX19_0575)。

摘　　要：为探究我国生猪养殖的最优规模,文章基于2004—2017年生猪养殖的省级宏观数据,采用随机前沿生产函数分别测算了我国生猪养殖的技术效率、环境技术效率和环境效率,并分析了三种效率在规模上的变化趋势,在此基础上,探究了三种效率之间的关系。结果显示:(1)在样本考察期内,我国生猪养殖的技术效率、环境技术效率和环境效率的均值依次为0.885、0.857和0.635,而且在时间上三种效率值均呈现出了递增趋势。(2)随着养殖规模增大,生猪养殖技术效率呈现出"先递增、再递减"的特征,而环境技术效率和环境效率均呈现出"递增"的特征。(3)与不考虑污染物的生猪养殖技术效率相比,考虑污染物后的生猪养殖环境技术效率出现了略微的下降趋势。此外,生猪养殖的环境技术效率和环境效率之间存在正相关关系。In order to explore the optimal scale of pig breeding in China,this paper is based on the provincial macro data of pig breeding from 2004 to 2017,and uses the stochastic frontier production function to measure the technical efficiency,environmental technical efficiency and environmental efficiency of pig breeding in China.Finally,the paper analyzes the variation trend of the three kinds of efficiency on the scale,on the basis of which the relationship between the three kinds of efficiency is explored.The results show that 1)during the sample study period,the mean values of technical efficiency,environmental technical efficiency and environmental efficiency of pig breeding in China are 0.885,0.857 and 0.635 respectively,and the three efficiency values presents an increasing trend in time;2)as the scale of pig breeding increases,the technical efficiency of pig breeding shows the characteristics of"increasing first and then decreasing",while both the environmental technical efficiency and environmental efficiency show the characteristics of"increasing";3)Compared with the technology efficiency of pig farming without considering pollutants,the environmental technical efficiency of pig farming after considering pollutants shows a slight downward trend.In addition,there exists a positive correlation between environmental technical efficiency and environmental efficiency in pig farming.

关 键 词：生猪养殖 技术效率 环境技术效率 环境效率 随机前沿分析 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济]