黄河粗泥沙集中来源区洪水泥沙阶段变化研究  

Study on the Stage Variation of Flood and Sediment in the Concentrated Source Area of the Yellow River Coarse Sediment

作　　者：高亚军[1] 徐十锋 吕文星[1] 徐建华[1] GAO Yajun;XU Shifeng;LYU Wenxing(Yellow River Research Institute of Hydrology and Water Resources,Zhengzhou,He'nan 450004,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水文水资源科学研究院,河南郑州450004

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2020年第9期80-83,I0003,共5页Soil and Water Conservation in China

摘　　要：黄河粗泥沙集中来源区为治理黄河泥沙的核心区域。根据建站至2016年黄河中游粗泥沙集中来源区皇甫川、窟野河、孤山川、秃尾河、佳芦河、大理河和延河等支流次暴雨洪水泥沙资料,以支流为分析单元,通过Pettitt检定法把各支流划分为早期、中期和近期三个时段,按照暴雨洪水和暴雨泥沙的关系分析了区内各支流的变化特征。结果表明:各支流中期和近期时段不完全一致,这主要是与支流下垫面治理有关;按照支流入选标准在研究区内各支流中共选取486场洪水参与计算,对建立的暴雨洪水和暴雨泥沙关系进行分析得出,与早期下垫面相比,中期和近期所表现出来的减洪减沙比例不尽相同,总体上次洪径流量中期减少1/3、近期减少3/4,次洪输沙量中期减少2/5、近期减少9成以上,减沙比例大于减洪比例。The concentrated source area of coarse sediment of the Yellow River is the key core areas for sediment control in the Yellow River.According to the data of secondary rainstonn flood and sediment of the tributaries of Huangfuchuan,Kuye,Gushanchuan,Tuwei,Jialu,Dali and Yanhe River situated in the concentrated source area of coarse sediment in the middle Yellow River from establishing stations to 2016,taking tributary as analysis unit and through Pettitt testing method,it divided each tributary into early,middle and recent three time intervals and analyzed the variation characteristics of each tributary in the area according to the relationship between rainstorm flood and storm sediment.The outcomes show that a)the middle and recent time intervals of each tributary are not exactly the same.This is mainly related to the control of the underlying surface of tributaries and;b)according to the selection criteria of tributaries,it totally selects 486 events of floods from each tributary in the studied area for calculation.Through the analysis of established relationships between rainstonn flood and stonn sediment,comparing with the underlying surface in the early period,the proportion of flood and sediment reduction in the medium term and the recent period is not the same.The total runoff of last flood is decreased by one-third in the medium term and decreased by three-fourths in recent period.The sediment discharge of secondary flood is decreased by two-fifths and has been reduced by more than 90% in the recent period.The proportion of flood reduction is greater than that of sediment reduction.

关 键 词：次洪径流量 次洪输沙量 支流筛选 时段划分 粗泥沙集中来源区 

分 类 号：P338[天文地球—水文科学]