嘉定区4~5年级小学生心理健康状况调查  

Mental health status of the pupils from Grade Four and Fivein Jiading District

作　　者：张琴[1] 朱琰泓 彭谦[1] 季莹[1] 袁红[1] 郁恺 董玉婷[1] 王支兰[1] 彭慧[1] ZHANG Qin;ZHU Yanhong;PENG Qian;JI Ying;YUAN Hong;YU Kai;DONG Yuting;WANG Zhilan;PENG Hui(Jiading Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 201899,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市嘉定区疾病预防控制中心,上海201899

出　　处：《预防医学》2020年第9期873-877,881,共6页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：上海市嘉定区农业和社会事业科研项目(JDKW-2017-W27)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市嘉定区4~5年级小学生心理健康状况,为开展儿童心理健康干预提供依据。方法选取嘉定区12所小学4~5年级学生为调查对象,采用《心理健康诊断测验表(MHT)》评估心理健康状况,采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析心理健康问题的影响因素。结果发放调查问卷3788份,回收有效问卷3100份,回收有效率为81.84%。检出有心理健康问题的学生529人,检出率为17.06%,其中冲动倾向、恐怖倾向、身体症状、过敏倾向、自责倾向、孤独倾向、对人焦虑和学习焦虑的检出率分别为11.77%、15.55%、12.97%、16.19%、10.10%、4.81%、13.16%和14.00%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女生(OR=1.617,95%CI:1.325~1.974)、外貌自评差(OR=3.683,95%CI:2.428~5.586)、朋友人数为1~2人(OR=1.806,95%CI:1.342~2.428)、学习成绩较差(OR=1.626,95%CI:1.167~2.267)、母亲为小学及以下文化程度(OR=1.539,95%CI:1.107~2.139)、与母亲关系一般或差(OR=1.785,95%CI:1.303~2.444)及与父亲关系一般或差(OR=1.745,95%CI:1.336~2.280)是小学生心理健康问题的危险因素。结论嘉定区4~5年级小学生心理健康问题检出率较高,性别、朋友人数、学习成绩、母亲文化程度及与父母关系是心理健康问题的影响因素。Objective To investigate the mental health status of the pupils from Grade Four and Five in Jiading District of Shanghai,and to provide evidence for mental health intervention.Methods All the students from Grade Four and Five in Jiading District,Shanghai were selected as survey objects.The MHT was used to evaluate their mental health status,and the influencing factors of mental health problems were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model.Results A total of 3788 questionnaires were issued,of which 3100 ones were valid and the effective rate was 81.84%.The detection rate of mental health problems was 17.06%.The detection rates of impulse tendency,terror tendency,physical symptoms,sensitivity tendency,self-blame tendency,loneliness tendency,anxiety towards people and learning anxiety were 11.77%,15.55%,12.97%,16.19%,10.10%,4.81%,13.16%and 14.00%,respectively.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female students(OR=1.617,95%CI:1.325-1.974),poor self-rated appearance(OR=3.683,95%CI:2.428-5.586),only one or two friends(OR=1.806,95%CI:1.342-2.428),poor academic performance(OR=1.626,95%CI:1.167-2.267),primary school education or below of mother(OR=1.539,95%CI:1.107-2.139)general or poor relationship with mother(OR=1.785,95%CI:1.303-2.444)or father(OR=1.745,95%CI:1.336-2.280)were risk factors for mental health problems.Conclusion The fourth-to fifth-grade primary school students in Jiading District of Shanghai have high detection rate of psychological problems.Gender,the number of friends,academic performance,education level of mother and the relation with parents are associated.

关 键 词：小学生 心理健康 心理健康诊断测验表 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]