一种基于多出口环境的人群疏散改进模型  

An improved crowd evacuation model for a multi-exit environment

作　　者：魏娟[1,2] 郭阳勇 游磊[3] 李忠玉 唐志海[2] 胡周义 WEI Juan;GUO Yangyong;YOU Lei;LI Zhongyu;TANG Zhihai;HU Zhouyi(Key Laboratory of Interior Layout Optimization and Security,Institutions of Higher Education of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Normal University,Chengdu Sichuan 611130,China;College of Computer Science,Chengdu Normal University,Chengdu Sichuan 611130,China;School of Computer Science,Chengdu University,Chengdu Sichuan 610106,China)

机构地区：[1]成都师范学院室内空间布局优化与安全保障四川省高校重点实验室,四川成都611130 [2]成都师范学院计算机科学学院,四川成都611130 [3]成都大学计算机学院,四川成都610106

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2020年第7期139-145,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(51978089);四川省科技厅应用基础重点项目(2018JY0129);四川省教育厅创新团队项目(N15TD0038);浙江大学CAD&CG国家重点实验室开放课题(A1922)。

摘　　要：为有效提高多出口环境下人群疏散的模拟精度,基于社会力模型和粒子鸽群算法,建立一种新的人群疏散模型;该模型改进传统社会力模型中影响行人运动的自驱力方向,利用场域模型来获得行人的运动方向,同时将此方向作为社会力模型中自驱力方向;结合场域值、平均速度和拥挤度提出多出口环境下的疏散优化模型,并通过粒子鸽群算法对上述优化模型实现快速求解。结果表明:随着人群密度的增加,平均疏散速度呈现出先降低后缓慢增加的趋势;在人群密度较小时,场域权重值越大对应的疏散时间越小。In order to effectively improve simulation accuracy of crowd evacuation in a multi-exit environment,a novel crowd evacuation model was established based on social force model and particle pigeons algorithm.Self-driving direction that affected pedestrian movement in traditional social force model was improved by obtaining moving direction of pedestrian through field model.Then,an evacuation optimization model for a multi-exit environment was established with consideration to field values,average velocity and congestion degree,and it was solved quickly by employing particle pigeons algorithm.The results show that as crowd density increases,average evacuation velocity decreases first and then increases slowly.When density is small,the larger field weight value is,the less time evacuation takes.

关 键 词：多出口环境 人群疏散 社会力模型 场域模型 粒子鸽群算法 

分 类 号：X956[环境科学与工程—安全科学]