支持家庭照顾者照护患有失智症的父母:英国失智症专科护理及对我国的启示  

Supporting family caregivers to care for parents living with dementia:the experience shared from United Kingdom on specialized dementia care

作　　者：Oladayo Bifarin Emily Oliver Jan Oyebode 刘宇(译) 岳文娟(译) Oladayo Bifarin;Emily Oliver;Jan Oyebode;LIU Yu(Centre for Applied Dementia Studies,University of Bradford,England)

机构地区：[1]英国Bradford大学失智症研究中心 [2]英国失智症协会 [3]中国医科大学护理学院

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2020年第9期1285-1291,共7页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L18DSH003);中国医科大学与英国Bradford大学科研合作基金。

摘　　要：本文旨在讨论如何支持中国家庭照顾者更加有效地照护患有失智症的父母。21世纪以来,中国有越来越多的失智症患者出现,导致家庭照护需求也在不断增加。特别是在当下中国经济和社会转型的背景下,既往传统价值观也在转变,照顾者面临着更多的压力与挑战。本文简要描述了照护过程对失智症患者的家庭照顾者所产生的影响,同时引入了Aranda和Knight的基于社会文化视角下的压力与应对模式,作为思考如何提供相关社会服务的指导框架。本文同时介绍了英国失智症专科护士的培养及其为失智症患者家庭所提供的个案管理服务。基于中国孝道观和家庭为生病的家人提供照护的传统,英国的做法可能为中国的失智症照护人才培养及社区居家照护模式的构建提供一定的参考。Through this article we aim to contribute to discussion about how to support family caregivers in China to care effectively for parents with dementia.We outline evidence about the nature of the challenge,situating the rise in numbers of people living with dementia and the role of families in providing care,in the specific time and place of 21st century China.We note the unique backdrop of economic and social transitions,which is leading to strains and changes in traditional values.We draw on recent research to summarise the impact of caregiving and suggest the socio-cultural model of stress and coping as a powerful framework to inform service development.Given the centrality of filial piety in Chinese culture and the associated expectation that families look after their own relatives,we propose that a community case management model may be an effective way of supporting dementia care in China.We describe the Admiral Nursing model that is used in the UK as an example.

关 键 词：失智症 家庭照顾 孝道 个案管理 专科护理 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]