烤前添加外源物质对烟叶质量的影响  

Effects of Adding Exogenous Substances Before Curing on Quality of Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：刘勇 李立新 吴金富 赵树德 何宽信 LIU Yong;LI Li-xin;WU Jin-fu;ZHAO Shu-de;HE Kuan-xin(Tobacco Science Institute of Jiangxi Province,Jiangxi Nanchang 330025,China;Yihuang Branch of Fuzhou Tobacco Company,Jiangxi Yihuang 344000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省烟草科学研究所,江西南昌330025 [2]抚州市烟草公司宜黄分公司,江西宜黄344000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第8期1685-1690,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省烟草专卖局项目(赣烟学〔2017〕10号)。

摘　　要：【目的】为探索改善江西烟叶质量的烘烤技术措施。【方法】通过对云烟87中部和上部烟叶烤前进行EDTA、柠檬酸、苹果酸和蔗糖4种外源物质喷洒再行烘烤对比研究。【结果】在装烤前喷洒添加蔗糖、苹果酸、柠檬酸溶液可以改善云烟87中部和上部烟叶颜色、色度和油分,对烟叶常规化学成分无显著影响,但喷洒蔗糖、苹果酸可改善化学成分协调性。烤前喷洒4种外源物质初烤烟叶中除吡啶和3,4-二甲基-2,5-呋喃二酮外,其余11种美拉德反应产物以及产物总量均有不同程度下降,且中部和上部烟叶美拉德产物总量下降幅度均表现为EDTA>柠檬酸>蔗糖>苹果酸。烤前喷洒蔗糖或苹果酸均能提高云烟87经济性状,柠檬酸仅在上部烟叶中表现较好。【结论】本研究中所添加外源物质均能不同程度改善烟叶香气质、香气量、浓度、杂气和余味,以烤前喷洒EDTA溶液评吸质量效果最佳,其次是喷洒蔗糖溶液。烤前喷洒4种外源物质在初烤烟叶不同指标上表现各异,总体以喷洒蔗糖溶液20 g/竿烟表现最好。【Objective】Compared with the main strong-flavor type flue-cured tobacco production areas,the neutral aroma substances ester and maillard reaction products of Jiangxi flue-cured tobacco were higher.In recent years,problems such as dark color,low oil content and less maturity have appeared in flue-cured tobacco in Jiangxi Province.Research showed that the metabolic balance in tobacco plants can be coordinated by using exogenous substances,which provides an effective way to solve the problems in tobacco production in order to explore the curing technology to improve the quality of tobacco leaves in Jiangxi Province.【Method】The experiment was carried out to compare adding exogenous substances(EDTA,citric acid,malic acid and sucrose)before curing on the quality of middle and upper leaves of Yunyan 87.【Result】Adding sucrose,malic acid and citric acid solution before curing could improve the color,color intensity and oil of the middle and upper leaves,and has no significant effect on the chemical components,but spraying sucrose and malic acid could improve the coordination of chemical components.Except pyridine and 3,4-dimethyl-2,5-furadione,the other eleven kinds of Maillard reaction products and the total amount of Maillard reaction products in flue-cured tobacco leaves sprayed with four exogenous substances before curing all decreased in different degrees,and the total amount of Maillard reaction products in middle and upper tobacco leaves showed a decrease of EDTA>citric acid>sucrose>malic acid.Spraying sucrose or malic acid before curing could improve the economic traits of Yunyan 87,but citric acid only performs better in the upper leaves.【Conclusion】Adding exogenous substances could improve the aroma quality,aroma quantity,concentration,offensive odor and aftertaste of tobacco leaves in different degrees.The best method to the smoking quality was EDTA,followed by spraying sucrose solution.The different indexes of flue-cured tobacco showed different performances from spraying four kinds of exogenou

关 键 词：外源物 烤烟 添加 烘烤 云烟87 

分 类 号：TS441[农业科学—烟草工业]